Western Europe Flashcards
Scandinavian
Northernmost, Norway & Sweden-thin, rocky soil is difficult to farm.
Jutland
-Northern Europe, Spain& Portugal, Pyrenees mountains create a natural barrier that blocs off the peninsula from the rest of Europe.
Italian
The “Boot”, southern Europe, Italy is the only country, plants of shoreline for shipping and trading
Balkan
Southeastern Europe, Albania, Basnia and Herzergorina, Serbia, Kosovo, difficult to navigate, many cultures exist.
Anatolian
Asia, and Europe connect, consists of Turkey
Alps
Arc across Europe, Separates Italy from the rest of Europe.
Pyrenees
France and Spain, Natural border restricts movement from France to Spain and Portugal
Balkans
Balkan Peninsula, Isolate many ethnic groups
Caucuses
Intersection of Europe and Asia (Southern Boundary)
Ural
Russia, Eastern boundary between Europe and Asia
Northern European Plain
Fed Europe for centuries and allowed foreign invaders an easier route into Europe. Most Fertile agricultural regions in Europe.
Cultural Effects NEP
Easy access between groups: works as a Highway
Physical Effects NEP
Major industrial Importance, coal steel and production
Economic Effects NEP
“Breadbasket of Europe” fertile soil with many rivers, early communication, travel and agricultural development
Marine west coast
UK, Northern Spain, most of France, Germany, Poland. The North Atlantic Drift regulates the climate
Humid continental
Eastern Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Hungary. Distance from the sea regulates climate.
Mediterranean
Southern portion of Europe, The presence of mountains.
Modification
The environment changes
Adaptation
People change to fit into the enviorment
Greece (ADAPTATION)
Separated grease into city states (cities with their own governments)
Bubonic Plague (ADAPTATION)
Growth of cities, increase in trade. Spread of the bubonic plague-millions die
UK: Industrial Revolution (ADAPTATION)
Coal, Iron, and flowing rivers to power factories, Island-surrounded by water. Industrial Revolution was born here, helped control trade become a global Empire and stop invaders
Canals: Venice Italy (ADAPTATION)
Built on 118 small islands in marshy lagoon. Adapt to environment-engineered way to build on marshland. Become excellent boatman and merchants
Polders: Netherlands (ADAPTATION)
Netherlands-made of many rivers deltas and low islands. Most use engineering to reclaim land. Build dikes (dams) and pump water out to create new lands.
Polders
Land in low-lying area that has been reclaimed from a body of water by building dikes and drainage canals. Near windmills
Diffusion
The spread of people, things, ideas, cultural practices, diseases, technology, weather, and other factors from place to place.
(Religion) Christianity
Spread through Palestine to the Roman Empire and combined diffusing through Europe-spread through the New World during exploration and colonization
(Ideas) Renaissance
Began Italy city states renewed interest in learning the acts from the 14th through 16 centuries
(Disease) The Bubonic Plague
Spread of trademark rats, people. 25 million of people died around a quarter to a third of the population known as “Black Death”
(Development) Industrial Revolution
Britain: first country to industrialize coal and machineries built by use of iron. Imported raw materials, sold finished goods. Spreaded to Belgium, France, Germany and US
Industrial Revolution
Britain, Textile Industry, Late 1700s, Coal was plentiful, lots of money and raw materials, steam engine, agricultural revolution. Diffraction followed the location of coal throughout Europe and manufacturing plants connected to parts. Raw materials could arrive and finished goods could deport.
Demand for Raw Materials
Less developed countries were deported
Search for new markets
Late 1800s-surplus of goods-international markets (In China)
Colonialism
Increased production meant increased need for raw materials from colonies.
Autonomy
The right to self-government
Sovereignty
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state
Centripetal Forces
And action that untitled or PULLS people together
Centrifugal Forces
An action that divides or FORCES people away from each other.
Northern Ireland
Protestants, Republic of Ireland (Catholics) independence-1921 Britain Divided Ireland into 2 states. Religious coin flick and Anti-British violence have plagued Northern Ireland. 2 separate countries. Northern Ireland-UK, Republic of Ireland- not UK
Basque Dispute
People in the weary foothills of the Pyrenees, Armed and political conflict from 1959 to 2011 between Spain and the Basque National Liberation Movement. Sought independence from Spain and France, in 1770 Spain granted the region saferrule
Catalonian Dispute
1017-18 Spanish constitutional crisis, the issue of Catalan independence from Spain. Document establishing Catalonia as an independent republic was signed by the members of colonials Pro-independence parliamentary majority.
Flemish and Walloons
Flemish-Dutch speaking. Walloons- French Speaking. Struggle of the countries Flemish speaking community to gain equal status for its language, political, and economic influence. Belgium is recognized as a bilingual country with two distinct regions.
