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Western Civ > Western Civ Semester Final > Flashcards

Western Civ Semester Final Flashcards

1
Q

What happened after the German invasion of Poland?

A

Britain and France declare war on Germany

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2
Q

What did the blitzkrieg rely on?

A

Surprise and overwhelming force

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3
Q

What was the attack on Pearl Harbor described as?

A

A date which will live in infamy

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4
Q

What was the battle of Midway?

A

The turning point in the war in the Pacific against the Japanese

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5
Q

Where were the atomic bombs dropped?

A

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

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6
Q

What is militarism

A

The policy of glorifying power and keeping an army prepared for war

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7
Q

What was the Balkan Peninsula?

A

The powder keg of Europe

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8
Q

Schlieffen plan

A

Defeat France than Russia

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9
Q

How did the central powers get their name?

A

Because of their location in the heart of Europe

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10
Q

Total war

A

All resources devoted to war effort

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11
Q

Signing of armistice on November 11, 1918, did what

A

End World War I

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12
Q

What was 14 points?

A

A plan for the post war world

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13
Q

What treaty was Germany forced to assume responsibility for World War I

A

Treaty of Versailles

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14
Q

Industrial revolution

A

Increased output of machine made goods that began in England in the 18th century

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15
Q

What are factors of production?

A

Land labor and capital

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16
Q

Who did landowners and Aristocats look down on?

A

Wealthy members of the middle class

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17
Q

Unions

A

Voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms

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18
Q

What percent of France population belonged to the third estate?

A

About 98%

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19
Q

What happened on Bastille Day

A

A mob stormed a prison looking for gunpowder

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20
Q

What does the declaration of the rights of man state?

A

That men are born and remain free and equal in rights

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21
Q

No one was safe from what during the reign of terror

A

Guillotine

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22
Q

What happened in peacetime

A

Napoleon set up public schools, a system of laws and a fairer tax code

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23
Q

Why did Napoleon attack Portugal?

A

To enforce the terms of the continental system

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24
Q

What did the Congress of Vienna want?

A

To establish a balance of power in Europe

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25
Q

Who was Klemens von Metternich

A

The most influential leader of the Congress of Vienna

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26
Q

The heliocentric theory was proposed by

A

Nicholas Copernicus

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27
Q

What did Isaac Newton explain

A

The law of universal gravitation

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28
Q

What did philosophes believe in?

A

Progress for society

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29
Q

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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30
Q

What was the main economy in new France?

A

The fur trade

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31
Q

Who did Cortez conquer

A

The Aztecs

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32
Q

Why did Europeans prefer African slaves?

A

Because they were strangers in the Americas and they wouldn’t have any allies or places to hide

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33
Q

What was the purpose of most joint stock companies?

A

Funding colonies in the Americas

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34
Q

What did the encomienda system provide

A

Cheap labor source

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35
Q

What policy did Japan Institute?

A

A closed country policy to control foreign ideas

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36
Q

What was the Renaissance?

A

Rebirth of art and learning

37
Q

What did humanist focus on?

A

Human potential and achievement

38
Q

What are the Medici famous for

A

Being rulers and supporters of the arts

39
Q

The Bible was the first book printed by who

A

Gutenberg

40
Q

Indulgences

A

Pardons releasing people from performing penalties for their sons

41
Q

What did Henry VIII declare himself as?

A

The head of the Church of England

42
Q

What did John Calvin teach?

A

Predestination

43
Q

What did Ignatius of Loyola found

A

The Jesuit order

44
Q

What did Kristallnacht have Nazi troops attack?

A

Jewish homes businesses and synagogues

45
Q

What was the goal of the final solution?

A

Genocide of people, the Nazis considered inferior

46
Q

What is unrestricted submarine warfare?

A

Referred to sinking any ship in British waters without warning

47
Q

The treaty of Versailles

A

The treaty of Versailles left a legacy of hatred and bitterness in the hearts of the German people

48
Q

Why is India considered the jewel of in the crown of the British empire

A

Because it was the most valuable colony

49
Q

What happened at the Berlin conference?

A

Europeans divided Africa without consulting African leaders

50
Q

What happened during the industrial revolution?

A

The population of cities grew faster than the housing supply

51
Q

What did proposed taxation of the second estate lead to?

A

The first meeting of the estate general in 175 years

52
Q

What did revolutionaries finally force?

A

Robespierre from power

53
Q

Why did the Napoleon not sell the Louisiana territory?

A

To punish sugar growers

54
Q

What forced Napoleon to abandon his plans to invade Britain

A

The battle of Trafalgar

55
Q

How did Britain react to the continental system

A

Organizing its own blockade

56
Q

What does the law of Universal Gravitation state

A

All physical objects are affected by the same forces

57
Q

What did the enlightenment promote

A

A belief in progress a more secular outlook and faith in science

58
Q

What started ww1

A

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand

59
Q

What resulted in Germany having to fight a two front war

A

The first battle of the Marne

60
Q

What was the purpose of the Berlin conference

A

Prevent fighting between European powers over the division of Africa

61
Q

What did Britain railroads offer

A

Cheap transportation of people and goods

62
Q

What did not improve living conditions in cities

A

Industrialization

63
Q

Who invented the microscope

A

Zachaias Janssen

64
Q

The Spanish did not have a larger force when

A

Conquering the Aztecs

65
Q

Why did the English want control of New Netherlands

A

Because it separated their northern and southern colonies

66
Q

What led to a severe shortage of labor in the Americas

A

Loss of natives to disease

67
Q

According to mercantilism

A

A national increases its wealth by selling more than it buys

68
Q

What was an effect of the African slave trade on Africa

A

They lost their fittest members and families were torn apart

69
Q

What were Europeans main motives for exploration

A

Grow wealthy and spread Christianity

70
Q

How many overseas explorations did Zheng He lead

A

7

71
Q

Why did China reject British trade

A

They would not kowtow (bow) to the emperor

72
Q

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas ment to do

A

Decrease conflict over the claiming of new lands

73
Q

Where did prince Henry set up navigation schools

A

On the coast of Portugal

74
Q

Why was Italy the birthplace of the renaissance

A

It had access to Roman ruins and manuscripts from Constantinople

75
Q

What led to the increase in literacy and use of vernacular

A

The printing press

76
Q

What was one of Luther’s main beliefs

A

That all people with faith are equal

77
Q

What was the main reason for Henry V111 (8) to split with the Roman Catholic Church

A

His desire for a male heir

78
Q

What did the Soviet Union sign in 1939

A

A non-aggression pact with Germany

79
Q

Who helped lead Portugal in overseas

A

Prince Henry

80
Q

What was the most important trade good for on the east in the 1400

A

Spices

81
Q

What did the line of Demarcation establish

A

A boundary between lands that could be claimed by Spain and Portugal

82
Q

What was rationing designed to do

A

Limit purchases of consumer goods

83
Q

What did the Zimmermann note expose

A

The German plan to help Mexico regain US territory

84
Q

When was the Allies invasion of France

A

D day

85
Q

Sepoys

A

Indian soldiers

86
Q

Who was the worlds leading exporter of rubber

A

Malaysia

87
Q

What was the main reason for British colonization of Singapore

A

To obtain the use of its harbor

88
Q

Who was the last monarch of Hawaii

A

Queen Liliuokalani

Western Civ (1 decks)

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