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western civ > western civ final > Flashcards

western civ final Flashcards

1
Q

Copernicus

A

wrote book on revolution of heavenly spheres

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2
Q

Geocentric

A

having or representing the earth as the center,

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3
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

English philosopher, one of the founders of modern political philosophy.

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4
Q

Johannis Kepler

A

German astronomer, mathematician, astrologer, natural philosopher and writer on music.

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5
Q

Absolutism

A

the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.

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6
Q

Tycho Brahe

A

Danish astronomer,

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7
Q

Treaty of Utrecht

A

a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession

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8
Q

Capitalism

A

an economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

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9
Q

Spice Trade

A

involved historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe. Spices such as cinnamon, cassia, cardamom, ginger, pepper, nutmeg, star anise, clove and turmeric

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10
Q

Joint stock company

A

used by English merchants in the 17th century to pool capital and share the risks associated with trading voyages to Asia and Africa.

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11
Q

literacy during 1400’s

A

printed materials became more available

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12
Q

council of elders

A

a group consisting of the theocratic leaders of the Air Nomads.

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13
Q

parliamentary monarchy

A

the monarch exercises authority in accordance with a written or unwritten constitution.

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14
Q

political absolutism

A

practice of unlimited, centralized authority and absolute sovereignty

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15
Q

rise of academic society

A

royal Spanish academy of science wasn’t among them

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16
Q

Ferdinand magellan

A

was a Portuguese explorer and a subject of the Hispanic Monarchy

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17
Q

supply and demand

A

the amount of a product available and the desire of buyers for it

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18
Q

prince Henry the navigator

A

an originator of the Age of Discovery and the Atlantic enslaved people trade.

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19
Q

price revolution

A

15th century and the first half of the 17th century, and most specifically linked to the high rate of inflation that occurred during this period across Western Europe.

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20
Q

spanish armanda

A

spain conquered England catholics

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21
Q

Peter the great

A

introduced western ideas and customs

22
Q

Louis the 14th

A

King of France 1643- 1715. Louis XIV’s France was emblematic of the age of absolutism in Europe.

23
Q

petition of right

A

an English constitutional document setting out specific individual protections against the state, reportedly of equal value to Magna Carta and the Bill of Rights 1689.

24
Q

urbanization

A

the process of making an area more urban

25
Q

toleration act of 1689

A

Act of the Parliament of England. Passed in the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution

26
Q

economy of 16th century Europe

A

characterized by increasing population, fixed food supplies

27
Q

consumerism of 18th century

A

caused by increased wages of clergy

28
Q

Hernán cortes

A

Spanish Conqueror who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire

29
Q

baroque art

A

a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1740s.

30
Q

Margret Cavendish

A

Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was an English philosopher, poet, scientist, fiction writer and playwright.

31
Q

enlightenment

A

was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries.

32
Q

treaty of tordesillas

A

June 1494, divided the newly-discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire

33
Q

declaration of indulgence

A

was a pair of proclamations made by James II of England and VII of Scotland in 1687.

34
Q

9 years war

A

between England, Spain, Sweden, Neverland and German

35
Q

scientific revolution

A

measurable laws are expressible in mathematical terms

36
Q

monarchy

A

lost interest in religions affairs

37
Q

Issac newton

A

was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author, mathematician, physicists, and most influential scientists of all time.

38
Q

Atlantic slave trade

A

involved the transportation by slave traders of various enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. 16th to the 19th centuries

39
Q

Portuguese exploration

A

government sponsored voyages of a crusading spirit

40
Q

mannerism

A

is a style in European art, 1520, spreading by about 1530-16th century in Italy,

41
Q

mercantilism

A

an economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy. It promotes monarchy, aristocracy, clericalism, militarism, imperialism, colonialism, tariffs and subsidies on traded goods to achieve that goal.

42
Q

white craft

A

achieve salvation if the recanted

43
Q

jansenists

A

promoted faith and combated prostantinism

44
Q

French settlements in Canada

A

In 1604, French settlers established the colony of Acadia on the land surrounding the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Four years later, explorer Samuel de Champlain established the city of Québec farther inland. It became the largest city in the colony of Canada.

45
Q

war of roses

A

were a series of civil wars fought over control of the English throne in the mid-to-late fifteenth century, fought between Lancaster and York.

46
Q

neoclassical art

A

Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity.

47
Q

francis bacon

A

English philosopher, statesman, Lord Chancellor of England.

48
Q

Edmund burke

A

born in Dublin, was an Anglo-Irish statesman, economist, and philosopher.

49
Q

industrial revolution

A

was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Britain, continental Europe and the United States, in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

50
Q

war of Spanish succession

A

(1701–1714) European war, triggered by the death in November 1700 of the childless Charles II of Spain.

51
Q

Philip 2nd of dutch republic

A

the revolt in the Low Countries against the rule of the Habsburg King Philip II of Spain, hereditary ruler of the provinces.

western civ (1 decks)

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