Western CIV

Question 1

institution

Answer 1

A long lasting pattern of organization in a community

Question 2

Nomad

Answer 2

A member of a group that has no permanent home, wandering from place to place in search of food and water

Question 3

Bronze age

Answer 3

A period in human history beginning around 3000 B.C. in some areas, during which people began using bronze rather than stone.

Question 4

Slash and burn farming

Answer 4

A farming method in which people clear fields by cutting and burning trees and grasses, the ashes of which serve to fertilize soil.

Question 5

Hunter gatherer

Answer 5

A member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods

Question 6

Artifact

Answer 6

A human made object such as a tool weapon or piece of jewelry

Question 7

Hominid

Answer 7

a member of a biological group including human beings

Question 8

Paleolithic Age

Answer 8

A prehistoric period that lasted from about 2,500,000 to 8000 B.C., during which people made use of crude stone tools and weapons - also called the Old Stone Age.

Question 9

Neolithic Age

Answer 9

A prehistoric period that began about 8000 B.C. and in some areas ended as early as 3000 B.C., during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and raise animals - also called the New Stone Age

Question 10

Technology

Answer 10

The way in which people apply knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs

Question 11

Homo Sapiens

Answer 11

The biological species to which modern human beings belong.

Question 12

Domestication

Answer 12

The taming of animals for human use.

Question 13

Civilization

Answer 13

A form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology.

Question 14

Specialization

Answer 14

The development of skills in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping.

Question 15

Artisan

Answer 15

A skilled worker, such as a weaver or a potter, who makes goods by hand.

Question 16

Scribe

Answer 16

One of the professional record keepers in early civilizations.

Question 17

Cuneiform

Answer 17

A system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians.

Question 18

Barter

Answer 18

A form of trade in which people exchange goods and services without the use of money.

Question 19

Ziggurat

Answer 19

A tiered, pyramid-shaped structure that formed part of a Sumerian temple.

Question 20

Fertile Crescent

Answer 20

An arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea.

Question 21

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

Answer 21

rivers of the Fertile Crescent that frame the Mesopotamian Civilization

Question 22

Mesopotamia

Answer 22

region of Fertile Crescent where the first civilization arose and first empire arose

Question 23

City-state

Answer 23

A city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit.

Question 24

Dynasty

Answer 24

A series of rulers from a single family

Question 25

Cultural diffusion

Answer 25

The spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another.

Question 26

Polytheism

Answer 26

believes in many gods

Question 27

Empire

Answer 27

A political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler.

Question 28

Hammurabi

Answer 28

Babylonian emperor who created the first written set of laws

Question 29

Babylon

Answer 29

city in Mesopotamia that became an important capital

Question 30

Delta

Answer 30

A marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river.

Question 31

Narmer (Menes)

Answer 31

pharaoh given credit for uniting Upper and Lower Egypt

Question 32

Pharaoh

Answer 32

A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader.

Question 33

Theocracy

Answer 33

rule by religion

Question 34

Pyramid

Answer 34

A massive structure with a rectangular base and four triangular sides, like those that were built in Egypt as burial places for Old Kingdom pharaohs.

Question 35

Mummification

Answer 35

A process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying.

Question 36

Hieroglyphics

Answer 36

An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds.

Question 37

Papyrus

Answer 37

A tall reed that grows in the Nile delta, used by the ancient Egyptians to make a paper-like material for writing on.

Question 38

Nile River

Answer 38

river whose regular flood cycles helped build Egyptian civilization

Question 39

1. According to Jared Diamond, what are the three major elements that separate the world’s “haves” from the “have nots”?

Answer 39

The three major elements that separate the world are guns, germs and steel.

Question 40

2. Jared Diamond refers to the people of New Guinea as “among the world’s most culturally diverse and adaptable people in the world”, yet they have much less than modern Americans.Diamond has developed a theory about what has caused these huge discrepancies among different countries, and he says it boils down to geographic luck. Give several examples from the film to support Diamond’s theory.

Answer 40

The roots of inequality decreased new guineans to develop. The new guineans don’t have nutritious foods low levels of protein.

Question 41

3. For thousands of years, people have been cultivating crops. Describe the process used to domesticate crops and create plants that yielded bigger, tastier harvests.

Answer 41

They would start planting crops outside then harvest them then put them in areas in there homes where insects couldn’t get them. Then the animals would eat the remains of the plants and the animals poop would fertilize the plants for next season.

Question 42

4. According to Diamond, livestock also plays a significant role in a civilization’s ability to
   become rich and powerful. How did the domestication of animals help people? Give several examples.

Answer 42

Help them stay in one area and help them do the cycle of life the animals help give clothing and milk or protein and the animals would eat the leftover cereal crop and the animal poop used to fertilize the crop.

Question 43

5. List the animals that can be domesticated and where they can be found.

Answer 43

Goats,sheep,pigs,cow,horses,donkey, camel, ox, buffalo

Found in europe and asia.

Question 44

6. Looking at the list of animals and locations from question 5, discuss how Diamond’s theory
   about geographic luck applies here.

Answer 44

If you can find good animals for farming and you can tame them and get protein and use them other than just killing them.

Question 45

7. How did the movement of the early civilizations of the Fertile Crescent (Middle East) further
   support Diamond’s idea that geography played a key role in the success of a civilization?

Answer 45

It helped them because they destroyed and over exploited their environment after they over exploited the environment they lost their grass and farms forcing them to move when they moved they had to find another fertile area.

Question 46

8. Do you agree with Jared Diamond when he says of a civilization’s ability to gain power,
   wealth, and strength, “…what’s far more important is the hand that people have been dealt, the raw materials they’ve had at their disposal.” Why or why not?

Answer 46

Yes, because people in new guinea had a ruff coming up with all the geographic let downs, the middle east and europe had better geographic areas for farming and had better animals to help people harvest crops. Then the people in the middle east and people in the europe had surpluses of food giving them enough food for people to explore and invent and figure out more advanced stuff. The new guineans did not have access to all of those.