wellbeing conventions

Question 1

Define wellbeing.

Answer 1

Refers to an individual’s quality of life, and what is deemed ‘good’ or ‘healthy’ for the person. It is a combination of physical, mental, emotional and social factors.

Question 2

What is the 6-Factor Model?

Answer 2

Determines six factors which contribute to an individual’s psychological wellbeing, contentment and happiness

Question 3

What are the 6 factors of the 6-Factor model?

Answer 3

Personal growth (feelings of continued development), self acceptance (positive attitude towards self), autonomy (self-determining and independent), environmental mastery (competence in managing the environment and arising opportunities), positive relationships (satisfying and trusting relationships with others) and purpose in life (goals in life; something to strive towards).

Question 4

What is Maslow’s hierarchy?

Answer 4

A hierarchy of human needs based on deficiency needs and growth needs.

Question 5

What is the order of Maslow’s hierarchy from the base upwards?

Answer 5

Physiological (sleep, breathing, water, food, homeostasis, excretion) < safety (security of body, home/shelter, employment, morality, family and health) < love/belonging (friendship, family, sexual intimacy) < esteem (achievement, respect of others, confidence and self-esteem) < self-actualisation (problem solving, accepting of facts, morality, creativity)

Question 6

What is the biopsychosocial model?

Answer 6

Demonstrates how mental health is impacted by biological, social and psychological factors.

Question 7

What is the PERMA model?

Answer 7

Represents the five core elements of happiness and well-being. It stands for: Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishments.

Question 8

What is mindfulness?

Answer 8

The basic human ability to be fully present, aware of where we are and what we are doing, and not overly reactive or overwhelmed by what is happening around us. We pay attention to our thoughts without judgement, using acceptance of the present as the primary focus.

Question 9

What are benefits of mindfulness?

Answer 9

Improves sleep, decreases stress levels, increases grey matter and memory/emotional regulation/empathy, enhances relationships and provides a stronger sense of self.

Question 10

What is meditation?

Answer 10

A set of techniques designed to encourage a heightened state of awareness and focused attention.

Question 11

What is concentrative/focused meditation?

Answer 11

Involves focusing on something intently as a way of staying in the present moment -usually sensory such as breathing, sounds, smells or tactile sensations.

Question 12

What is mindfulness meditation?

Answer 12

Lacks a particular focus, teaching you to slow thoughts, let go of negativity and be in a state of calm.

Question 13

What are benefits of meditation?

Answer 13

Reduces stress, controls anxiety, improves emotional health, enhances self awareness, improves sleep and reduces memory loss during aging.

Question 14

What is the main difference between mindfulness and meditation?

Answer 14

Meditation is a set of techniques to encourage a heightened state of awareness and focused attention, while mindfulness is the ability to be fully present and aware.

Question 15

What is assertiveness?

Answer 15

Being confident and direct in claiming one’s rights or putting forward one’s views.

Question 16

Define mental health.

Answer 16

Mental health refers to a state of wellbeing in which individuals realise their own abilities, can cope with the normal stressors of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to a community.

Question 17

Define mental disorder.

Answer 17

Disturbances to a person’s mental health that are often characterised by some combination of troubled thoughts, emotions, behaviour and relationships with others.

Question 18

What is depression?

Answer 18

A consistent low mood, with feelings of sadness, irritability and emptiness, for a period of two weeks or more.

Question 19

What is serotonin?

Answer 19

A neurotransmitter that regulates mood in the brain; low levels is considered a symptom of depression.

Question 20

How do SSRIs help with depression?

Answer 20

They inhibit the reuptake of serotonin so that more of it remains present in the synapse, improving mood.

Question 21

What is cognitive-based-therapy?

Answer 21

It teachers patients to identify their negative thinking patterns, challenge them, and then actively replace these negative thoughts with positive ones.

Question 22

What is cotrisol?

Answer 22

A neurotransmitter that regulates the body’s stress response.

Question 23

What are endorphins?

Answer 23

They block the perception of pain and increase feelings of wellbeing.

Question 24

What is dopamine?

Answer 24

A neurotransmitter involved with proving feelings of pleasure, satisfaction and motivation.

Question 25

What is anxiety?

Answer 25

The body’s natural response to stress, also known as the fight or flight response.

Question 26

What is anxiety disorder?

Answer 26

Intense, excessive and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations, with symptoms such as fast heart rate, rapid breathing, sweating and feelings of tiredness.

Question 27

What is the primary distinction between anxiety and anxiety disorder?

Answer 27

Anxiety disorder is intense or disproportionate emotional response that interferes with everyday life.

Question 28

What is a phobia?

Answer 28

A specific fear that is irrational, and impacts an individual’s ability to live a normal life. A fear is irrational if the risk of the object or situation that causes fear is low or non-existent; the threat is sin the mind rather than reality.

Question 29

What is PTSD?

Answer 29

An anxiety disorder where the anxiety is experienced due to a trauma that has been experienced in the past.

Question 30

What are symptoms of PTSD?

Answer 30

Repetitive unwanted memories, resisting conversation about the event, trouble falling asleep (heightened arousal) and loss of interest in once-enjoyed activities.

Question 31

What are protective factors?

Answer 31

Behaviours, strategies or practices that reduce the chance of suffering from depression or anxiety, and can be biological, psychological or social.

Question 32

What is Schizophrenia?

Answer 32

A mental health issue where people interpret reality abnormally, suffering from hallucinations and/or delusions where they hear, see and feel things that are not real.

Question 33

What does it mean to flourish?

Answer 33

Flourishing refers to happiness, wellbeing and overall life satisfaction.

Question 34

What are five strategies for improving wellbeing?

Answer 34

Connect with other people, be physically active, learn new skills, give to others and pay attention to the present moment/

Question 35

What are the benefits of gratitude?

Answer 35

Helps people feel more positive emotions, relish good experiences, improve their health, deal with adversity and build strong relationships.