Weimar Republic 1919-1933

Question 1

What date was the armistice signed?

Answer 1

11th November 1918

Question 2

Who were the ‘November criminals’?

Answer 2

The Weimar Government because they signed the armistice

Question 3

Who did the German’s blame for the loss of WW1?

Answer 3

The government

Question 4

What was the ‘stab in the back’ myth?

Answer 4

The German surrender was a surprise and the soldiers felt betrayed by the government when they signed the armistice

Question 5

When was The Treaty of Versailles signed?

Answer 5

28th June 1919

Question 6

What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 6

Land Army Money Blame

Question 7

How much did Germany have to pay in reparations?

Answer 7

£6.6 billion

Question 8

What is proportional representation?

Answer 8

Votes counted as a percentage

Question 9

Who was appointed chancellor in 1918 after the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II?

Answer 9

Friedrich Ebert

Question 10

What are the the Fundamental Laws (the rights of German citizens)?

Answer 10

Personal freedom

Question 11

What does the fact that German citizens cannot be arrested unless they have broken the law mean?

Answer 11

Freedom of expression

Question 12

What does the fact that all Germans can express their opinions in speech, writing or pictures mean?

Answer 12

The freedom to hold peaceful meetings and trade unions and societies

Question 13

What is Article 48?

Answer 13

Can give the President emergency powers

Question 14

What were the strengths of the Wiemar Constitution?

Answer 14

• All Germans over 20 years of age can vote
• Proportional representation
• The Fundamental Laws
• Article 48 can get the country out of a crisis
• Reichstag filter laws

Question 15

What were the weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution?

Answer 15

• Article 48 can be misused and can only be used by the president
• President elected every 7 years
• Chancellor elected every 4 years

Question 16

When was the Weimar Constitution ratified?

Answer 16

August 1919

Question 17

What does Land mean?

Answer 17

• Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
• Germany split in 2 to give Poland access to the Baltic -Sea
• Saar coalfield under League of Nations control for 15 years before a plebiscite (referendum)
• Upper Silesia coal and steel works given to Poland
• Danzig made a free city
• Lost 13% of it’s land

Question 18

What does Army mean?

Answer 18

• Limited to 100,000 men
• No air force
• No submarines
• No conscription (forced to go to war)
• Limited to 15,000 sailors
• Limited to 6 battleships

Question 19

What does Money mean?

Answer 19

• Reparations bill to cover family allowances and pensions for the wounded allied soldiers
• £6.6 billion in reparations
• Most of the money went to France and Belgium

Question 20

What does Blame mean?

Answer 20

• Article 231 - war guilt clause

- Germany and her allies were responsible for starting the war

Question 21

When was the Spartacist Rising

Answer 21

5th January 1919

Question 22

What was the Spartacist Rising?

Answer 22

They took over the newspaper and the telegraph

Question 23

Who were the leaders of the Spartacist Uprising?

Answer 23

• Rosa Luxemburg

- Karl Liebknecht

Question 24

How did the government respond to the Spartacist uprising?

Answer 24

• 100 killed

Question 25

Was the Spartacist Uprising left or right wing?

Answer 25

Left

Question 26

What were the economic consequences of the Treaty of Versialles?

Answer 26

- The GB naval blockade had ruined the German export trade - The government was 2507 billion marks in debt by November 1918 - War expenditure was financed by the loans and printing money rather than taxation - Inflation increased and prices rose 250%

Question 27

What were the political consequences of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 27

- The Weimar Republic was balmes for signing the Treaty of Versailles - They became known as the ‘November Criminals’ - Forever associated with the hated Treaty of Versailles - Reinforced the ‘stab in the back’ myth

Question 28

What were the social consequences of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 28

- The Middle Class and those on fixed incomes lost out on the savings - Owners of war industries made a lot of money - People looked to extremist groups for solutions

Question 29

What were the positive effects of the inflationary crisis?

Answer 29

- Right wing groups did not win mass support | - The new currency meant a government debt of 150,000 million marks was reduced to 15 pfennings

Question 30

What were the negative effects of the inflationary crisis?

Answer 30

- Left deep scars that help to explain the eventual collapse of the Republic - It was easy for demagogues to off simple explanations and solutions - Provoked increased unrest in 1923 - Millions of Germans lost their savings - The Weimar Republic was weakened politically

Question 31

Who were the Friekorp?

Answer 31

Ex-soldiers

Question 32

When was the reparations bill set?

Answer 32

May 1921

Question 33

In which month, in 1923, did hyperinflation peak?

Answer 33

November

Question 34

When was the Kapp Putsch?

Answer 34

1920

Question 35

What was the Kapp Putsch?

Answer 35

- 12,000 Freikorp marched to Berlin and the Government were forced to flee

Question 36

Was the Kapp Putsch a left or right wing party?

Answer 36

Right

Question 37

How much support did the Kapp Putsch gain?

Answer 37

Failed to gain much support

Question 38

Who led the Kapp Putsch?

Answer 38

Wolfgang Kapp

Question 39

Who occupied the Ruhr in 1920?

Answer 39

The French

Question 40

When was the Munich Putsch?

Answer 40

8-9th November 1923

Question 41

Who was kidnapped to pledge allegiance to Hitler's plan during the Munich Putsch?

Answer 41

Kahr

Question 42

Who led the Munich Putsch?

Answer 42

- Hitler | - Ludendorff

Question 43

How many members did the Munich Putsch have?

Answer 43

55,000

Question 44

What was the Munich Putsch?

Answer 44

- 600 of the SA and Hitler forced Kahr to promise to support their plan - However, the next day he withdrew his support - When the nazis marched to a military base they were met by armed police - 16 nazis killed - Leaders arrested

Question 45

How long was Hitler sent to prison for?

Answer 45

5 years | He was released after 9 months

Question 46

Until when, was Hitler banned from public speaking?

Answer 46

1928

Question 47

What was hyperinflation?

Answer 47

The value of the Dueschmark decreased

Question 48

When did Hindenburg become President?

Answer 48

1925

Question 49

What does NSDAP stand for (in English)?

Answer 49

National Socialist German Workers Party

Question 50

How long was Gustav Stresemann chancellor?

Answer 50

100 days

Question 51

When did Stresemann become chancellor?

Answer 51

1923

Question 52

Why weren't the Jews affected by hyperinflation?

Answer 52

They had their own banks

Question 53

When was the Dawes Plan?

Answer 53

1924

Question 54

What was the Dawes Plan?

Answer 54

USA gave loans to Germany and were given longer to pay off the reparations

Question 55

What were the Locarno Pacts?

Answer 55

Borders were agreed/secured with European countries

Question 56

When were the Locarno Pacts?

Answer 56

1925

Question 57

When did Germany join the League of Nations?

Answer 57

1926

Question 58

What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

Answer 58

66 countries agreed not to go to war

Question 59

When was the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

Answer 59

1928

Question 60

What was the Young Plan?

Answer 60

Reduced reparations from 132,000 million marks to 37,000 million marks

Question 61

When was the Young Plan?

Answer 61

1929