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History - Weimar and Nazi Germany > Weimar Republic > Flashcards

Weimar Republic Flashcards

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1
Q

How many died in WW1?

A

2 million troops and 750,000 civilians

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2
Q

What was the Republic’s first major decision?

A

Signing the armistice in 1918

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3
Q

Who was the first president of the Weimar Republic?

A

Ebert (1919)

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4
Q

Give 3 strengths of the Weimar constitution

A
  1. Democratic system
  2. Men and women 21+ could vote
  3. Election every 7 years
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5
Q

Give 2 weaknesses of the Weimar constitution

A
  1. Proportional representation led to unstable coalition governments
  2. Article 48 enabled presidents to pass laws without the Reichstag’s approval
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6
Q

How did the Treaty of Versailles affect Germany and who did the people of Germany blame?

A

It damaged Germany’s economy and the people of Germany blamed the government

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7
Q

What made Germany accept blame for the war that many Germans resented?

A

The war guilt clause

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8
Q

How much was Germany forced to pay the allies in reparations?

A

£6,600 million

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9
Q

Give 2 examples of how the Treaty of Versailles limited Germany?

A
  1. They couldn’t have an air force

2. Their army was limited to 100,000 men

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10
Q

How much did Germany lose geographically?

A

They lost 11 colonies and 13% of their European territory

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11
Q

What was the Spartacist Revolt?

A

Left-wing independent socialist party took over a government bureau and tried to organise a strike. They were put down by the Freikorps.

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12
Q

What was the Kapp Putsch?

A

Right-wing armed ex-soldiers made Weimar ministers flee

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13
Q

What did the government do in response to reparations?

A

Printed money

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14
Q

Why did French troops invade the Ruhr?

A

They took reparations as goods: 80% of German coal, iron, steel and factories

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15
Q

What did the German workers do in response to the French invasion?

A

German workers went on strike

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16
Q

What did the government do in response to the French invasion?

A

Printed more money to pay strikers and make up for the iron, steel and coal until the German mark was worthless

17
Q

Give a positive effect of hyperinflation

A

People were paid more

18
Q

Give 4 negative effects of hyperinflation

A
  1. People couldn’t afford essentials
  2. Prices rose faster than wages
  3. Fixed incomes and pensioners suffered most
  4. Businesses went bankrupt
19
Q

What did Chancellor Stresemann do in response to hyperinflation?

A

Issued a new currency called the Rentenmark

20
Q

What was the dawes plan?

A

Reparation instalments were temporarily reduced to £50 million a year and the US agreed to make loans to Germany

21
Q

What was the young plan?

A

Reduced total reparation debt from £6.6 billion to £2 billion and payments could be made up until 1988

22
Q

Give 2 improvements in the economy in Germany

A
  1. Employment and trade increased

2. Lower reparations meant lower taxes, increasing spending money for German taxpayers

23
Q

Give 2 problems in the German economy

A
  1. Its economic recovery relied on American loans, so it remained fragile
  2. Extreme parties were against Germany paying reparations
24
Q

What was the Locarno pact?

A

Agreement between Germany, Britain, France, Italy and Belgium. Germany agreed to its new border with France. Allies and Germany agreed to permanent demilitarisation of the Rhineland.

25
Q

What was the League of Nations?

A

International body to discuss world problems

26
Q

What was the kellog-briand pact?

A

Agreement between 62 nations to avoid use of war to achieve foreign policy objectives

27
Q

Give 4 successes of the pacts

A
  1. Strengthened the confidence in the Weimar Republic
  2. Reduced support for extremist parties
  3. Improved relations with other countries
  4. Made Germany an international power once again
28
Q

Give 2 weaknesses of the pacts

A
  1. Extremist parties still gathered support

2. Some disagreed with the pacts

29
Q

Give 2 examples of how living standards improved from 1924 - 1929

A
  1. Working hours reduced

2. Wages and working conditions improved

30
Q

Give an example of how women changed from 1924 - 1929

A

Women in full time work dropped from 75% in 1918 to 36% in 1925

31
Q

Give an example of how the arts changed from 1924 - 1929

A

Expressionism dominated art and cinema as there were fewer restrictions on art: Bauhaus art school

History - Weimar and Nazi Germany (5 decks)

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