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Edexcel Weimar and Nazi Germany > Weimar and Nazi Germany > Flashcards

Weimar and Nazi Germany Flashcards

1
Q

What issues did war cause

A
  • German people were suffering sever hardship
  • Allies set up naval blockades which prevented imports of food and essential goods. By 1918 people faced starvation
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2
Q

What did the Germans do

A

They turned against Kaiser Wilhelm II who ruled the German emperor like a king

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3
Q

What did the Germans want

A

They wanted democracy

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4
Q

Why and when did Kaiser resign

A

Kaiser resigned on the 9th November 1918 because of a huge protest in Berlin and members of the social Democratic party called for Kaisers resignation

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5
Q

What did Kaisers resignation lead to

A
  • Declared a republic
  • The monarchy had been abolished and Germany had the chance to become a democracy
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6
Q

What does republic mean

A

A country ruled without a monarch

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7
Q

What was signing of the Armistice

A
  • 11th November 1918, a ceasefire to end World war I was agreed
  • Allies (Britain, France, USA) signed an armistice(truce) with Germany
  • New republic under pressure to sign
  • Government didn’t think Germany could continue fighting as its people were starving and military morale was low
  • Armistice wasn’t supported by some right-wing Germans, who saw the truce as betrayal, believed Germany could still win war
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8
Q

Who was the first president of the Weimar Republic

A

Fredrich Ebert

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9
Q

When was the Weimar Republic formed

A

February 1919

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10
Q

How did the Weimar Republic form

A

Members of the new Reichstag met at Weimar and created a new constitution for Germany this is called the Weimar Republic

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11
Q

What was the Reichstag

A

Parliament of Germany

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12
Q

What could German people now do

A

Men and women over the age of 20 had a right to vote

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13
Q

What were the features of the Reichstag

A
  • Elected every 4 years using proportional representation
  • In control of the new laws and budget
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14
Q

Who and what could the chancellor do

A

The chancellor was the equivalent to the prime minister and had the power to propose new laws

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15
Q

Who and what could the president do

A
  • Elected every 7 years
  • Appoints and dismisses army generals
  • Head of state
  • Equivalent to king
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16
Q

What was article 48

A

In an emergency the president can rule on their own

17
Q

What was proportional representation

A

Each party got the same percentage seats in parliament as the percentage of votes it received in an election

18
Q

What were 3 strengths of the new constitution

A
  • Laws of Weimar Republic very democratic. Men and women has equal voting rights at age 20
  • Head of government (The Chancellor) needed the support of most people in the Reichstag
  • Voting by proportional representation was arguably fairer
19
Q

What are the 3 main weaknesses of the new constitution

A
  • Article 48 allowed a president to rule on his own without parliament
  • Proportional representation produced a large number of small political parties which meant no party could not agree and make decisions to help Germany recover
  • Strong president necessary to keep control over government and to protect the country in crisis
20
Q

What does diktat mean

A

order imposed on someone

21
Q

What does dolchstoss mean

A

myth of stab in the back

22
Q

What was the French leader, George Clemmenceau’s aim

A
  • Stop Germany ever fighting another war and punish them
  • Cost a lot of money so Germany should pay
  • Want economy weakened so they can’t afford more war
  • Army away from boarder and land back they took in 1871
23
Q

What was the USA leader, Woodrow Wilsons aim

A
  • Encourage peace
  • Emperors of Europe cause the war so wanted to encourage democracy
  • Want a way countries can talk to each other without having to start wars
    Shouldn’t be harsh on Germany as it might start a war
24
Q

What was the British leader, Lloyd Georges aim

A
  • Keep public happy and want to blame Germany for deaths of many
  • Need money from Germany to pay war debt
  • Wants empire to be safe so wants Germany’s navy to be small and for Germany to lose their African colonies
  • Shouldn’t be harsh
25
Q

What were the 4 key terms of the Treaty of Versailles

A
  • Land
  • Armed forces
  • Money
  • Blame
26
Q

What were the land key terms

A
  • 10% of land lost and 13% of its population lost
  • 50% of iron and 15% of coal reserves
  • The Saarland where most of German’s coal and iron is gave to France so they could use it’s resources to restore their economy

Edexcel Weimar and Nazi Germany (1 decks)

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