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Weimar and nazi germany Flashcards

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1
Q

9th november 1918

A

Kaiser forced to abdicate

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2
Q

10th November 1918

A

Friedrich ebert suspends the old Reichstag and forms council of people’s representatives

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3
Q

11 November 1918

A

Armistice signed, ending war

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4
Q

August 1919

A

Weimar constitution signed

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5
Q

ToV reparations

A

£6600 million in reparations

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6
Q

11 feb 1919

A

Ebert becomes the first president of the weimar republic

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7
Q

28th June 1919

A

Treaty of Versailles signed

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8
Q

Tov land losses

A

Germany lost 13% of European territory and 11 of it’s colonies

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9
Q

January 1919

A

Sparticist revolt led by Roxa Luxemberg and Karl Liebknect

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10
Q

Kapp Putsch

A

March 1920, led by Wolfgang Puck, backed by friekorps (250000 soldiers were friekorps)

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11
Q

1914-1918

A

The government printed more money to pay for WW1

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12
Q

ToV military

A

army limited to 100000, Navy limited to 6 battleships, 6 cruisers, 12 destroyers, 12 torpedo boats and no submarines. No air force. No military allowed in rhineland

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13
Q

1923 Bank

A

Stresemann set up the Rentenbank and issued the Rentenmark tied to value of gold. In Aug 1924 the Reichsbank was given control of this new currency - renamed the Reichsmark

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14
Q

1918-22

A

Late 1922 Weimar Gov becomes unable to pay reparations

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15
Q

Housing associations between 1925 and 1929

A

built 101000 homes

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16
Q

November 1923

A

The german mark became completely worthless, hyperinflation

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17
Q

January 1923

A

French and Belgium troops invade rurh. 80% of German coal, iron and steel reserves seized. Passive strike

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18
Q

1929 plan

A

Yougn plan - reduced total reparations from £6.6 bil to £2 bil - payments could be made until 1988

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19
Q

25 point programme

A

manifesto written by Hitler and Drexler in 1920

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20
Q

1924 plan

A

Dawes plan - reparation instalments reduced to £50 mil a year and US banks loaned German industry money

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21
Q

DAP set up by Anton Drexler

A

1919

22
Q

League of Nations

A

in 1926, Germany invited to the League of Nations

23
Q

Hitler becomes leader of NSDAP

A

July 1921 - Hess, Goreing, Streicher and Rohm were selected as some of his party supporters

24
Q

SA

A

Stormtroopers/ Brownshirts under the command of Ernst Rohm

25
Q

8th nov 1923-9th nov 1923

A

Hitler with 600SA entered a beer hall in Munich where the Bavarian gov were meeting. Hitler marched to centre of Munich town and declared himself president of Germany. They fought with the state police and lost. Ludendorff Rohm and Stretcher were arrested. Hitler was arrested on 11th

26
Q

October 1929

A

Wall street crash

27
Q

November 1932-December

A

Von papen resigns and Von Schleider becomes chancellor

28
Q

April 1932- May 1932

A

Paul von Hindenburg stands for re-election. No one party has 50% of the vote. In may Hindenburg is re-elected; Adolf Hitler increases his share of the vote. Chancellor Henrich Bruning resigns and is replaced by Franz von Papen.

29
Q

January 1933

A

von Papen persuades hindenburg to appoint Hitler chancellor believing he can control him ‘like a dog on a leash’. Hitler becomes chancellor.

30
Q

27th February 1933

A

Reichstag fire

31
Q

July 1932

A

Nazi party gets 38% of the vote. Hitler demands to be chancellor but is refused by Hindenburg.

32
Q

Enabling act effects

A

Local Gov closed down and reorganised with Nazi majorities. Trade unions were replaced with German Labour front. Other political parties were perscuted. in May 1933, SDP and Communist party assets seized.

33
Q

Night of the Long Knives

A

He invited Rohm and 100 other SA leaders to a meeting in the town of Bad Wiessee on 30th June 1934. Upon their arrival they were shot.

34
Q

who died in August 1934

A

Hindenburg

35
Q

Components of the police state

A

SS (protection squad) controlled the police and security forces. Heinrich Himmler
SD (security service) spied on the domestic and foreign opponents of the Nazi party. Reinhard Heydrich
Gestapo (Secret State Police) spied on the German citizens and prosecuted anyone who spoke out against the Nazis. Hermann Goering

36
Q

first conc camp

A

Dachau in 1933

37
Q

Concordat Hitler

A

July 1933, Hitler agreed with the pope that the Catholics were free to worship and run their own schools in return for staying out of politics

38
Q

The reich Church

A

formed in 1933. Supported Nazis. Ludwig Muller. Made of 2000 protestant Churches.

39
Q

The confessional Church

A

Founded in 1934. Made of 6000 protestant churches. led by Martin Niemoller. Repressed by Nazis

40
Q

what was hosted in 1936

A

Olympics in Berlin

41
Q

Methods of Nazi Propoganda

A
  • ‘degenerate art’ such as modern art and jazz music banned.
  • Huge rallies and military parades held such as Nuremberg rallies
  • The cinema showed films containing subtle nazi messages
  • Reich chamber of culture set up in 1933 to ensure all ideas followed policy
  • Hitler’s speeches played on loudspeakers in public and workplace
  • Posters showing Nazi beliefs were displayed everywhere
42
Q

Nazi minister of Enlightenment and propaganda

A

Joseph Goebbels. controlled newspapers, radio, book publishing, film and the arts.

43
Q

Nazi workers organisations

A

German Labour Front replaced trade unions
Strength Through Joy (KdF) aimed to increase productivity by making workers happy. It provided low cost or free activities
Beauty of Labour (SdA) this aimed to improve conditions by reducing noise and making workplace more clean
The Volkswagen (people’s car) a brand aimed to promote car ownership.

44
Q

Nazi opposition

A

6000 protestant pastors joined Martin Niemoller’s. He was sent to a concentration camp in 1938 for speaking out against the Nazis.
Youth opposition - Edelweiss pirates taunted HItler Youth. Swing Youth gathered to drink alcohol, smoke and dance. Followed american culture

45
Q

1937 Pope speech

A

‘with burning anxiety’ a speech against Hitler read out in all Catholic churches in the country

46
Q

1933 policy incentivising marriage

A

in 1933, marriage laws introduced marriage loans given to newly-wed couples. the loan would decrease 1/4 for each child the women had.

47
Q

1925 pact

A

Locarno Pact between Germany Britain France Italy and Belgium - permanent demilitarisation of the Rhineland

48
Q

Women policy

A
  • Natural appearance
  • nondrinker and non smoker
  • Traditional clothes
  • married with four or more children
  • stays at home
  • sturdily buily
  • believes in Kinder Kuche Kirche (children kitchen church)
49
Q

Jewish Persecution

A

1933 - SA organised a boycott of Jewish Businesses
1934 - Some jews banned from public places
1935 - Nuremberg laws declared getting rid of Jewish citizenship
1936 - Jews banned from working as vets, accountants, teachers, dentists and nurses
1938 - Jewish passports had to be stamped with ‘J’ - ‘Israel’ or ‘Sarah’ had to be added to jewish names

50
Q

Kristallnacht

A
  • 7 nov 1938 - a Polish Jew enters the German embassy in Paris and shoots a German embassy official
  • 8 Nov 1938 - Germans told to attack jewish homes and synagogues
  • 9 and 10 Nov 1938 - Kristallnacht Germans attack and destroy Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues nationwide

history (3 decks)

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