Weeks 5-8 Flashcards
Seven Year War was between _ and _
Britain
France
_ sold books written about Washington
Mason Locke Weems
Seven Years War began in _
Was fought in _
And had _ casualties
North America
Europe, Asia, North America
over half a million casualties
History in totality
Looks at marginalized people, powerful people,
government, and civil society to see how U.S. nation
came together, and then fell apart, and then came back together on the issue of slavery.
Nearly led to the downfall of the republic
Comity
Practice of seeking compromise, civility, and unity.
Was created by Delbanco
_ started French and Indian War
George Washington
Civic Republicanism
The dedication of citizens to the common welfare of their community or country, even at the cost of their individual interests.
Washington’s dentures were made of _
enslaved people’s teeth
History from above
View of how societies were changed but only looking at the higher ups in society like presidents, generals, celebrities, etc.
History from below
View of how marginalized people shaped societies and how their efforts and fights shaped history.
History in totality
How history was shaped by bot lower and higher figures in history, and often looking at the tension between various groups.
Bacon’s Rebellion
-Led to increase in slavery (why it’s important)
-Started over Bacon’s request to drive the Native American out of the land in Virginia, for the purpose of expanding westward, and was denied
-Indentured white servants, indentured black
servants, and African slaves in the colony join
Bacon’s Rebellion
-Slaves were not interested in land. They hated the political leaders Bacon was fighting
-Bacon dies of dysentery
Proclamation of 1763
-Prohibits settlements west of Appalachian Mountains
-Restricts land sales east
-Believes rapid growth led to political, social, and cultural turmoil
-Stopped white people moving into Native American lands
-This backfires leading to angry colonists who continue to move illegally
Boston Massacre 1770
-Is started when crowd throws rocks and snow at British soldiers
-British kill 5 men
-British soldiers are arrested and tried for murder
-Desire for new government to form in the form of a republic
-Political group begins meeting resulting in destroying property, riots, attacks loyalists and government officials, smuggle, demonstrations
-Majorly led by Samuel Adams
What did the political group that met during the Boston Massacre do? (Majorly led by Samuel Adams)
-Destroy property
Riot
Attack loyalists and government officials
Smuggle
March, hold demonstrations.
Boston Tea Party
-Sons of liberty destroy tea shipment from East India Trading Company
What were the focuses of the protest of the Boston Tea Party?
-Colonists want to move westward.
-Colonists want lower taxes, angry at benefits
British corporations receive.
-Seek formal political recognition by Empire.
Intolerable Acts
(These will be on the Midterm)
-Unpopular Taxes
stamp act, tea tax, etc.
-Boston Port Act
shut down Boston port after tea party
-Massachusetts Government Act
suspended democratic government in MA
-Administration of Justice Act
Not allow MA courts sovereignty
-Quartering Act
forced civilians to quarter troops
-Quebec Act
Gave much of the midwest to Quebec company taking it away from Ohio company
First Continental Congress
-Established military
-George Washington appointed commander
-But could not decide on the question of independence
Olive Branch Petition 1775
(Will be on the midterm)
-Colonist’s last effort for peace with England
-Written by John Dickenson
-England refused to hear the petition
-Anyone who signed the petition would be tried for treason
Declaration of Independence 1776
-Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence
-John Adams argued for it passage in Congress.
Pushes Enlightenment ideals
-Benjamin Franklin edits some of the documents
-Reason, equality, self-government, language gets incorporated into declaration
Scope of the Revolutionary War
-8 years long 1775-1783
-6,800 Americans die in combat
-Another 17,000 die from diseases, exposure, etc.
-24,000 British soldiers die in combat
-Another 7,000-10,000 non-English people die (Germans, Native Americans)
-Ends British control over colonies
-Creates new country
Vincennes under the British control
-Had been a French settlement
-Traded to Empire at the end of French and Indian War
-Establishes Fort Sackville
-Mix of Native Americans, Canadians, British
Insurrection
France allies itself with revolution on colonist’s side along with Piankeshaw and anglo-colonists too.
The Leader of the British troop is _
Lt. Gov Henry Hamilton
Francis Vigo
-Italian veteran and businessman
-Had fought for Spanish Empire in its colonies in U.S.
-Hated British Empire
-Spy for revolutionary forces
-Arrested by Hamilton
George Rogers Clarke
-Virginia militia member
-Surveyor
-Puts together forces to go and take territory of Vincennes
-Believer in republican government
Siege of Vincennes 1779
-Small militia force of 170 men going against British in the fort
-Led by Clarke
-Marched 180 miles
-Used psychological warfare
-Canadian members desert
-Native leader, Young Tabacco, aids Clarke
-Clarke will only accept an unconditional surrender from Hamilton
-Met at church with Hamilton
During the French and Indian War, the fight between the British and French lasted how long?
15 minutes
Washington is captured during which war?
French and Indian
For compromise and comity to be ethical
you need to have everyone who is impacted
1.) negotiating
2.) agreeing to the terms
This was made impossible in early U.S. republic because of _
slavery
Lexington and Concord
-Often called first military engagement of the American Revolution
-Resulted in British destroying American canons
-Americans drove the British back to Boston
Two wars happening during American Revolution:
- massive uprisings of English colonists
- more organized efforts from the Congress
Battle of Brooklyn
- Battles, formal and informal, continue
following this engagement - 1775– George Washington voted by
Congress to take over command of the army, and loses most of the wars he engages - Washington loses complete control of Boston,
retreats to New York City. - Washington tries to make NYC seat of army’s
resistance to Britain - Washington decides not to burn New York City
New York has always been an _, _ based city
international,
commerce-based
1624-1664, “New Amsterdam” part of the
_ _ extensive trade empire
Dutch Republic
American Revolution ends with the __
Treaty of Paris 1783
Last battle of the American Revolution is
Battle of Yorktown
-% of colonists supported Britain
20-30%
_ _ imprisoned and tortured for remaining loyal to Britain during Revolution.
William Franklin
After American Revolution, thousands flee to _
and _ as political refugees.
Canada, Britain
Some have argued _ _ _ was the true “first
battle of the American Revolution.”
Battle of Point Pleasant
Appalachian Mountains were, prior to the
Revolutionary War, meant to be natural
border between _ and _ _
Natives, British Colonies
who was the leader of the Shawnee Indian tribe?
Chief Cornstalk
Victory of revolution brings other problems:
-Economic crisis
-Rise in people imprisoned from debt
-Inflation
In December 1786, veteran _ _ organizes
protestors in Massachusetts
Daniel Shays
Shay’s Rebellion
- Angry that they had been denied right to assemble to
protest debt collectors and tax collectors. - Take up arms, march on courthouse and state arsenal.
- Threaten to use violence.
- Governor calls out state militia to put the
“Shaysites” down - Rebellion is ended before national government
can respond
Initial government of US is a _
confederacy
The initial government of the US being a confederacy under the Articles of Confederation allowed:
- Permits individual states to maintain:
**independence
**sovereignty - Highest federal official is leader of Congress.
- No power to tax.
- No power to regulate commerce.
- No power to enforce laws it passed
Political Socialization
comity
Practice of seeking compromise, civility, and unity in
a nation
Liberal Universal Nationalism
