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Qualitative > weeks > Flashcards

weeks Flashcards

1
Q

ontology
epistemology
methodology (methods)

A

what is the nature of the social world?

study of knowledge

instructions on how to collect data

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2
Q

paradigms

A

sets of views and beliefs; conceptualize the research process

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3
Q

positivism
post-positivism
constructivism
critical theory

A

one truth

we are flawed so can’t get the truth

socially constructed

how power shapes the research process

how researchers empower participants to become researchers

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4
Q

ethical concerns for research

A

well being - a trigger, traumatizing
privacy and confidentiality - anonymity
informed consent
justice - confidentiality

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5
Q

4 core features of qualitative research

A
  1. insightful - makes sense of how people make sense
  2. complex - not a simple process
  3. emancipatory - understand to improve
  4. iterative - data can change based on research, adjustments made in process
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6
Q

6 steps for planning quali research

A
  1. field/topics
  2. taking a perspective
  3. developing RQ
  4. design project
  5. data collection and analysis
  6. writing it up
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7
Q

4 principles for qualitative research

A
  1. meaning-making - understanding of the world is socially shared
  2. complexity - observe phemonenon in natural context
  3. micro insights - not generalizable but goes in depth
  4. different epistemological, ontological, methodological positions
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8
Q

analogy of a puzzle

A
  1. developing RQ - defines the type of puzzle
  2. theory - key areas to concentrate on - vision
  3. design - the edges - edges can change - flexibility
  4. RQ as key to solving puzzle
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9
Q

rq

A

focuses on experience and perception
1. answerable
2. open-ended

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10
Q

qualitative research

A

not reducible to the impact of X on Y
how questions
focus on people’s stories
hints towards paradigm, methodology, methods = evidence

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11
Q

ethnography
it’s purpose

A

telling stories
drawing audiences into lives of the respondents
replicate human experience - produces data about contexts

captures life as experienced by participants

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12
Q

thick descriptions

A

rich understanding of how people experience life (observation+interpretation)
construction of other people’s construction

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13
Q

3 main points of ethnography

A

is about telling stories
observe
replicate experience

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14
Q

gatekeepers
sponsors

A

no official role but some kind of authority

gatekeeper + social political, cultural capital is investred in your research

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15
Q

autoetnography

A

autobiographical genre of writing and research
displays multiple layers = inward vulnerable self
movement between the system and the experience

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16
Q

autoethnographic characteristics

advantages
disadvantages

A
  1. written in first person
  2. usually single case - focus on the particular might be universal
  3. more literally than scientific writing

flexible
social process over time
richer and fuller descriptions
great with other methods
unobtrusive
create new ideas

not everything can be directly observed
time consuming
not trasnferable (resonates with particular group from population)
dependent on observer’s abilities
requires an accounting of researcher position

17
Q

participant observation

A

experiencing and recording events in social setting
iterative and cyclical process

18
Q

inductive
deductive

A

past experiences (there were ducks so there will be ducks)
conclusion based on premises that are generally true (all men are debil, joe is a man so he is debil)

19
Q

4 types of observation

A
  1. complete observer - researcher’s role is hidden and doesn’t affect what’s happening
  2. observer as participant - primary role = observer, distance and no central role
  3. participant as observer - researchers role acknowledged, fully integrated, co commitment, complicated role as insider
  4. complete participant - researchers role is hidden, can affect what happens, creates ethical problems
20
Q

fieldnotes

A

evidence: turns into research
creating meaning
code data into key concepts and categories

21
Q

4 types of interviews

A
  1. factual - collect info during an event
  2. conceptual - understanding an abstract concept
  3. narrative - how people talk about an event
  4. discursive - how people select arguments to explain their position
22
Q

homogenous
heterogenous sample

A

orgy of 12

23
Q

data saturation
purposive sampling

A

no new insights
collecting cases to study topic of interest

24
Q

3 types of interviews

A

structured - set in stone, one list of questions
semi-structured - a topic but can deviate and come up with follow up questions
unstructured - interviewee can take discussion in any way, no set of questions or topics

25
Q

4 epistemological assumptions informing qualitative interviews

A
  • study meaning-making in natural context

researchers intervention

individual meaning-making shows intersubjective and shared forms of understanding the society

not about the truth but about meaning making

26
Q

interviews as resource
data

A

reflection of one’s reality outside the interview

needs further analysis bcs reflects a reality constructed between interviewee and interviewer

27
Q

group effect
complimentary interactions
argumentative interactions

A

participants draw upon shared experiences with others without knowing prior

in support
in opposition

28
Q

focus groups
advantages
disadvantages

A

capture real-life data
flexible
fewer costs
bring out topics

uncontrollable
difficult to analyze
difficult to arrange

29
Q

intrapersonal factors
interpersonal factors

A

what participants bring to the group

expectations on how others will act

30
Q

3 pillars of rhetorical analysis

A

logos - rational reasoning
pathos - use of emotions
ethos - credibility

31
Q

context/textual analysis

A

semiotic - signs
rhetorical - how a message and its authors seek to impact the audience
narrative -events unfolding time and involving several characters (chronology, authorship, structure, logical connection of elements) (interviews)
thematic - coding and categorizing
CGT - builds new theories through inductive analysis
discourse -

32
Q

3 tests of data sufficiency

A

taken-for-granted - not surprised by answers

theoretical saturation - new data doesn’t produce new insights

heightened confidence - see patterns

33
Q

CGT codings

A

open coding - categorizing data
vivo coding - assigning a label using a word or short phrase
axial coding - recurring themes in data
selective coding - forms basis of the core category - guides the research and answers RQ - theoretical

34
Q

sensitizing concepts

A

terms for concepts

35
Q

4 epistemological assumptions of DA

A
  1. what - vocabulary, stories, ideas
  2. how - syntax, chain of significance, story structure, chronology
  3. what is done - performativity, causality, persuasion
  4. context
36
Q

intertextuality

A

meaning is constructed drawing from well-known texts

37
Q

impressionist tale

A

focuses on challenging the assumptions of readers

38
Q

5 types of audiences

A

area specialists
general disciplinary readers
human science readers
action-oriented readers
general readers

Qualitative (1 decks)

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