Weeks 1-6 Flashcards
What is the essence of nursing?
The opportunity to make a difference, and the oppritunity to change people’s lives and the health care system by establishing relationships with their client.
What is a therapeutic relationship?
It is a purposeful and goal-directed relationship between the client and the nurse. They are used to advance the best interest and outcome of the client.
What is the goal of a TNCR?
To allow the client to self-expression to promote health growth.
What are the 5 components of the TNCR?
Trust, respect, empathy, professional intimacy and power.
What are the 3 phases of the TNCR?
Orientation phase, working phase, resolution phase.
What are the 3 types of communication?
Written, non-verbal, verbal.
Describe the principles of communication.
Symbolic Nature - is learned, negotiated, and dynamic, the meaning is assigned to words.
Cultural Influence & Socialization - culture and context shape perception and definition.
What are some of the consequences that can lead to poor communication in the health care setting?
Risk of readmission, longer length of stay, increased healthcare costs and resource use, and risk of client and caregiver dissatisfaction.
What are barriers to communication (10)?
Environmental (noise) - distractions/interruptions between receiver and listener (physical, written, other)
Physical - distance, lack of privacy, closed doors, etc)
Personal - due to an individual’s frame of reference, beliefs, or values, education, knowledge of subject matter, past experiences
Organizational - power/status, hierarchy
Cultural - different values, work ethics, norms and preferences
Sematic - use of specific terminology unfamiliar to the receiver
Gender - how different genders communicate
Perceptual - how we perceive others or assume what they think (never make assumptions)
Language - slang, colloquialisms
Emotional - how we feel can affect how we communicate with others
What are the core dimensions of helping?
Responsive - help establish trust and open communication (respect, genuineness, concreteness, empathetic understanding)
Action - the nurse moving the TR forwards by identifying obstacles to the client’s progress (confrontation, self-disclosure, immediacy, catharsis)
Define active listening.
A dynamic, interactive process in which a nurse hears the client’s message, decodes its meaning and provides feedback to the client regarding the nurse’s understanding of the message (words, feelings, essence)
What are the characteristics essential to active listening?
Unconditional positive regard, self-awareness and self-reflection, verbal and non-verbal communication, silence, empathy.
What is Albert Mehrabian’s rule?
This rule states that 7% of communication is the words, 38% of communication is the tone, and 55% is through body language.
What does SURETY stand for?
S - sit at an angle to the client
U - uncross arms and legs
R - relax
E - eye contact
T - touch
Y - your intuition
What is the difference between sympathy, empathy and compassion?
Sympathy - the acknowledgment of suffering, invoking a pity-based response
Empathy - an affectionate response that attempts to understand an individual’s suffering
Compassion - the response of someone’s suffering; the actions taken
What is the difference between open-ended, closed-ended, and focused questions?
Open-ended - allows client to direct the flow of conversation
Closed-ended - useful when obtaining specific information
Focused - focusing on important statements made by the client, prompting them to discuss it further
What is the difference between paraphrasing, restating and summarizing?
Paraphrasing - rephrasing client’s ideas/words in your own words to clarify their message
Restating - using different word choices for the same content stated by the client to encourage elaboration
Summarizing - summarize the content after a lengthy conversation that allows verification of information
What is the difference between objective and subjective data?
Objective - the nurse’s observations through your senses
Subjective - information reported by the client
What is the difference between a primary source and a secondary source?
Primary - communicate with the client to collect subjective data
Secondary data - collecting data from the client’s chart, family, tests, care workers, other health providers
What is the clinical judgement model?
The way the nurses think, and making their decisions using critical thinking and clinical judgement.
What are the 3 steps of Tanner’s clinical judgement model?
Noticing - what you first notice of the client
Interpreting - analyzing information and collecting data
Responding - actions taken by the nurse
What is the difference between reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action?
Reflection-in-action - what you do during the care; in the moment
Reflection-on-action - what you do after the care (where learning and growth occurs)
What does ASEPTIC (components of the general survey) stand for?
A - appearance & behaviour
S - speech
E - emotion
P - perception
T - thought process
I - Insight
C - cognition
What are the phases of the interview process?
Pre-interactive - perception before the client is present
Orientation - sets the tone for the interview
Working - open-ended, closed-ended, and focused questions
Termination - wrap up, next steps, additional questions
