weeks 1-4

Question 1

What is animal breeding?

Answer 1

Application of scientific knowledge to the genetic improvement of animals.

Question 2

Who is the father of animal husbandry?

Answer 2

Robert Bakewell

Question 3

What is a breeding programme system?

Answer 3

1. Definition of production system.
2. Definition of breeding goal.
3. Collection of information.
4. Determining selection criteria.
5. Selection & mating.
6. Dissemination.
7. Evaluation

Question 4

who developed the bell shaped curve?

Answer 4

Carl Friedrich Gauss

Question 5

What did Gregor Mendel demonstrate?

Answer 5

The principles of genetics. Pea plant experiments.

Question 6

Who discovered genetic linkage?

Answer 6

William Bateson

Question 7

What is the Hardy-Weinburg Equilibrium?

Answer 7

p2+ 2pq+ q2=1

Where:
p = frequency of dominant allele.
q= frequency of recessive allele

Question 8

Who created the BLUP system of equations?

Answer 8

Charles Henderson

Question 9

Who founded the structure of DNA?

Answer 9

James Watson & Francis Crick

Question 10

When were dogs first domesticated?

Answer 10

12,000 years ago

Question 11

When were sheep & goats domesticated?

Answer 11

10,000 years ago - first farm species to be domesticated

Question 12

When were pigs domesticated?

Answer 12

9,000 years ago

Question 13

When was cattle domesticated?

Answer 13

8,000 years ago

Question 14

When was horses domesticated?

Answer 14

5,000 years ago

Question 15

What is a trait?

Answer 15

Any observable or measurable characteristic of an individual.

Question 16

What is the definition of a phenotype (P)?

Answer 16

An observed category or measured level of performance for a trait in an individual.

Question 16

What is the definition of Genotype (G)?

Answer 16

The particular combination of genes or alleles which an animal inherits - its genetic make up.

Question 17

What is the definition of Environment?

Answer 17

Everything that effects the phenotype that is not a part of the genotype.

Question 18

Genetic improvement formula

Answer 18

P= G+E+GxE

Where :
P= phenotype
G= Genotype
E= environment

Question 19

Definition of Breeding Value (BV)

Answer 19

The value of an individual as a genetic parent - average value of an animals progeny.

Question 20

Definition of Breeding Objective

Answer 20

A general goal of a breeding program - a notion of what constitutes the ‘best’ animal.

Question 21

What is used to calculate heritability?

Answer 21

h2 ( h squared)