WEEK2

Question 1

implicit memory

Answer 1

Implicit memories form unconsciously and might affect the way a person thinks and behaves. Implicit memory often comes into play when we are learning motor skills like walking or riding a bike. If you learned how to ride a bike when you were 10 and only ever pick it up again when you are 20, implicit memory helps you remember how to ride it.

Question 2

explicit memory (aka declarative memory)

Answer 2

When you’re trying to intentionally remember something (like a formula for your statistics class or a friend’s mailing address), this information is stored in your explicit memory. People use these memories every day, from remembering information for a test to recalling the date and time of a doctor’s appointment. AKA DE

Question 3

two types of explicit memory?

Answer 3

episodic memory - these are your long-term memories of specific events, such as what you did yesterday or your high school graduation.

semantic memory - These are memories of facts, concepts, names, and other general knowledge.

Question 4

example of implicit memory?

Answer 4

procedural memory (brushing teeth, walking, typing, etc), remembering how a song sounds, navigating around your house

Question 5

PTSD to hippocampus?

Answer 5

reduces size

Question 6

PTSD to amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex?

Answer 6

amygdala - increased
rostral anterior cingulate cortex - decreased
ventromedial prefrontal cortex - decreased

Question 7

High sensitivity = what kind of false negative rate?

Answer 7

low

Question 8

High specificity leads to what kind of diagnosis?

Answer 8

Probable; use tests with high specificity for a CONFIRMATORY test

Question 9

which mental disorder has highest mortality risk?

Answer 9

anorexia nervosa

Question 10

first line therapy for selective mutism?

Answer 10

exposure therapy

Question 11

what needs to be greater than 5 in OSA?

Answer 11

apnea/hypopnea ratio ( #apneic/hypopneic episdoes per hour during sleep)

Question 12

cigarette smoking induces what CYP?

Answer 12

CYP 1A2 (CLOZAPINE)

Question 13

CYP for olanzapine

Answer 13

substrate @ CYP 450 1A2 and 2D6

Question 14

CYP Risperidone

Answer 14

2D6

Question 15

Clozapine CYP

Answer 15

1A2 (less 2d6 and 3a4)

Question 16

cyp Ziprasodone

Answer 16

3a4

Question 17

what’s considered obsessive compulsive related disorders?

Answer 17

classic OCD
body dysmorphic disorder
hoarding 
excoration d/o
trichitillo mania

Question 18

mechanism gabapentin

Answer 18

glutamate, voltage-gated calcium channel blocker

Question 19

mechanism lamotrigine

Answer 19

glutamate, voltage-gated sodium channel blocker that inhibits the release of glutamate and aspartate

Question 20

mechanism oxcarbazepine

Answer 20

voltage-sensitive sodium channel antagonist that acts to inhibit the release of glutamate

Question 21

cataplexy vs catalepsy

Answer 21

cataplexy = sudden loss of muscle tone (triggered by strong emotions), happens when person is conscious
catalepsy =  seizure or trance along with loss of sensation and muscular rigidity; happens when person is unconscious and unaware

Question 22

schizoaffective d/o criteria

Answer 22

• distinct 2 week period of psychosis (no mood symptoms during this)
• MOOD EPISODES PREDOMINANT THROUGHOUT ILLNESS
• period of concurrent psychosis and major mood disorder

Question 23

House Brackmann scale measures what?

Answer 23

facial weakness

Question 24

Modified Rankin scale measures what?

Answer 24

identifies the severity of disability after a stroke

Question 25

1st line therapy for DID

Answer 25

A phasic model emphasizing safety and symptom stabilization in stage one, along with subsequent trauma work for those with sufficient coping abilities in stage two, and finally, integration or reintegration into a life that is not primarily focused on past traumatization and victimization in stage three is the first-line treatment for dissociative identity disorder

Question 26

heavy cocaine use in cocaine use disorder risk for developing what?

Answer 26

paranoia

Question 27

which class of antidepressants have action (agonistic/antagonistic) on postsynaptic serotonin receptors?

Answer 27

SEROTONIN MODULATORS!

vilazodone, trazodone, nefazodone, vortioxetine

Question 28

mechanism buproprion

Answer 28

dual norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor

Question 29

who developed theory for DBT?

Answer 29

Marsha Linehan

Question 30

Who devleoped CBT?

Answer 30

Aaron Beck in 1960s

Question 31

intractable seizures, develpmental regression, LIVER DYSFUNCTION

Answer 31

Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome; mitochondrial disorder

dx liver biopsy polymerase gamma sequencing

Question 32

difference between hypersomnolence disorder and narcolepsy

Answer 32

hypersomnolence - short sleep latency but normal time to get to REM
narcolepsy - immediate transition into REM from wakefulness

Question 33

mechanism buspar

Answer 33

PARTIAL serotonin agonist; less likely to cause sexual side effects

Question 34

when evaluating for encoporesis (passage of stool in inappropriate places, involuntary or voluntary) what to ask for?

Answer 34

presence or absence of constipation