WEEK2 Flashcards

1
Q

implicit memory

A

Implicit memories form unconsciously and might affect the way a person thinks and behaves. Implicit memory often comes into play when we are learning motor skills like walking or riding a bike. If you learned how to ride a bike when you were 10 and only ever pick it up again when you are 20, implicit memory helps you remember how to ride it.

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2
Q

explicit memory (aka declarative memory)

A

When you’re trying to intentionally remember something (like a formula for your statistics class or a friend’s mailing address), this information is stored in your explicit memory. People use these memories every day, from remembering information for a test to recalling the date and time of a doctor’s appointment. AKA DE

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3
Q

two types of explicit memory?

A

episodic memory - these are your long-term memories of specific events, such as what you did yesterday or your high school graduation.

semantic memory - These are memories of facts, concepts, names, and other general knowledge.

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4
Q

example of implicit memory?

A

procedural memory (brushing teeth, walking, typing, etc), remembering how a song sounds, navigating around your house

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5
Q

PTSD to hippocampus?

A

reduces size

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6
Q

PTSD to amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex?

A

amygdala - increased
rostral anterior cingulate cortex - decreased
ventromedial prefrontal cortex - decreased

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7
Q

High sensitivity = what kind of false negative rate?

A

low

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8
Q

High specificity leads to what kind of diagnosis?

A

Probable; use tests with high specificity for a CONFIRMATORY test

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9
Q

which mental disorder has highest mortality risk?

A

anorexia nervosa

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10
Q

first line therapy for selective mutism?

A

exposure therapy

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11
Q

what needs to be greater than 5 in OSA?

A

apnea/hypopnea ratio ( #apneic/hypopneic episdoes per hour during sleep)

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12
Q

cigarette smoking induces what CYP?

A

CYP 1A2 (CLOZAPINE)

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13
Q

CYP for olanzapine

A

substrate @ CYP 450 1A2 and 2D6

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14
Q

CYP Risperidone

A

2D6

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15
Q

Clozapine CYP

A

1A2 (less 2d6 and 3a4)

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16
Q

cyp Ziprasodone

17
Q

what’s considered obsessive compulsive related disorders?

A
classic OCD
body dysmorphic disorder
hoarding 
excoration d/o
trichitillo mania
18
Q

mechanism gabapentin

A

glutamate, voltage-gated calcium channel blocker

19
Q

mechanism lamotrigine

A

glutamate, voltage-gated sodium channel blocker that inhibits the release of glutamate and aspartate

20
Q

mechanism oxcarbazepine

A

voltage-sensitive sodium channel antagonist that acts to inhibit the release of glutamate

21
Q

cataplexy vs catalepsy

A
cataplexy = sudden loss of muscle tone (triggered by strong emotions), happens when person is conscious
catalepsy =  seizure or trance along with loss of sensation and muscular rigidity; happens when person is unconscious and unaware
22
Q

schizoaffective d/o criteria

A
  • distinct 2 week period of psychosis (no mood symptoms during this)
  • MOOD EPISODES PREDOMINANT THROUGHOUT ILLNESS
  • period of concurrent psychosis and major mood disorder
23
Q

House Brackmann scale measures what?

A

facial weakness

24
Q

Modified Rankin scale measures what?

A

identifies the severity of disability after a stroke

25
1st line therapy for DID
A phasic model emphasizing safety and symptom stabilization in stage one, along with subsequent trauma work for those with sufficient coping abilities in stage two, and finally, integration or reintegration into a life that is not primarily focused on past traumatization and victimization in stage three is the first-line treatment for dissociative identity disorder
26
heavy cocaine use in cocaine use disorder risk for developing what?
paranoia
27
which class of antidepressants have action (agonistic/antagonistic) on postsynaptic serotonin receptors?
SEROTONIN MODULATORS! vilazodone, trazodone, nefazodone, vortioxetine
28
mechanism buproprion
dual norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
29
who developed theory for DBT?
Marsha Linehan
30
Who devleoped CBT?
Aaron Beck in 1960s
31
intractable seizures, develpmental regression, LIVER DYSFUNCTION
Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome; mitochondrial disorder | dx liver biopsy polymerase gamma sequencing
32
difference between hypersomnolence disorder and narcolepsy
hypersomnolence - short sleep latency but normal time to get to REM narcolepsy - immediate transition into REM from wakefulness
33
mechanism buspar
PARTIAL serotonin agonist; less likely to cause sexual side effects
34
when evaluating for encoporesis (passage of stool in inappropriate places, involuntary or voluntary) what to ask for?
presence or absence of constipation