Week Ten Motivated Reasoning and the Social Self Flashcards
Why do researchers such as Kahan think that we have politicisation of empirical issues?
Because of heuristic-driven processing of information
Who argued for system 1 and system 2 thinking?
Kahneman (2003)
Outline system 1 and system 2 thinking
System 1: fast, automatic, visceral, emotion-focussed (use this for risk assessment leading to overevaluation)
System 2: slow, deliberate, requires more cognitive effort
Kahan (2013)
Found that people in higher cognitive reflection were better able to challenge their viewpoint when evidence presented against it
What were Nyhan et al. (2010) interested in?
Whether people will correct their belief if evidence presents that it is wrong
What were the findings of Nyhan et al. in….
Study 1. no change in people’s view even after being presented with evidence against
Study 2. similar patterns for liberals and conservatives
What do Mercier and Sperber argue?
That reason is not about truth but more about persuasion
When do humans display a self-concept
Around 18-24 months of age (toddler age). Confirmed by Gallup (dot guy)
Actor-observer bias
Others behaviours are seen as products of their own actions whereas our own are more dependent on the situation
Pronin & Ross
Both young students and middle aged staff used stable traits to describe their past self but less stable traits for their present self
Self efficacy
Belief that you are capable of performing behaviour or task
