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Transfusions Lab > Week One Vocab > Flashcards

Week One Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Removal of an unwanted antibody

A

absorption

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2
Q

Providing an antibody with its corresponding antigen under optimal conditions so that the antibody will attach to the antigen, thereby removing the antibody from the serum; often used interchangeably with absorption

A

adsorption

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3
Q

the clumping together of RBCs or any particulate matter resulting from interaction of antibody and its corresponding antigen

A

agglutination

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4
Q

allo-prefix indicating differences within a species–produced in one individual against the RBC antigens of another individual

A

Allo-antibody

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5
Q

Transplant donor who is related or unrelated to the recipient

A

Allogenic

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6
Q

A protein substance secreted by plasma cells that is developed in response to, and interacting specifically with, an antigen. Blood bank–found in serum

A

antibody

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7
Q

Testing the patients serum with Group O reagent RBCs in an effort to detect atypical antibodies

A

Antibody Screen

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8
Q

A substance recognized by the body as being foreign, which can cause an immune response. Blood bank–usually but not exclusively found on RBC membrane

A

Antigen

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9
Q

Test to ascertain the presence or absence of RBC coating by immunoglobulin G or complement or both; uses a xenoantibody or monoclonal antibody to act as a bridge between sanitized cells, yielding agglutination as a positive result

A

Antiglobulin test

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10
Q

Auto-prefix indicating self–reactive against ones own RBC antigens

A

Auto-antibody

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11
Q

Donor and recipient are the same person

A

Autologous

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12
Q

The structures within a nucleus that contain a linear thread of DNA, which transmits genetic information. Genes are arranged along the strand of DNA and constitute portions of DNA

A

Chromosome

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13
Q

An individual who possesses a mixed cell population

A

chimera

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14
Q

A procedure performed using a machine by which one can selectively remove a particular cell type normally found in peripheral blood of a patient donor

A

cytopheresis

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15
Q

a plant that produces a reagent Anti-A serum that reacts with A1 cells but not with A subgroup cells, reacts weakly with Aint cells

A

Dolichos biflorus

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16
Q

Test that detects in vivo coating of an individuals RBCs with IgG or complement

A

Direct antiglobulin test DAT

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17
Q

a donation in which a friend or relative donates blood specifically for a recipient

A

Directed donor

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18
Q

An antibody reacts more strongly with an RBC carrying a double dose (homozygous) than with an RBC carrying a single dose (heterozygous) of an antigen

A

dosage

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19
Q

a process where cells that are coated with antibody are treated in such a manner as to disrupt the bonds between the antigen and antibody. Can be used to test its specificity

A

Elution

20
Q

the portion of the antigen molecule that is directly involved in the interaction with the antibody; the antigenic determinant

A

Epitope

21
Q

A blood group serology test method that uses a microbe containing gel that acts as a reaction vessel for agglutination

A

Gel test

22
Q

A unit of inheritance within a chromosome

A

Gene

23
Q

An individuals actual genetic makeup

A

Genotype

24
Q

possessing a pair of identical alleles

A

homozygous

25
Q

possessing different alleles at a given gene locus

A

heterozygous

26
Q

antigen whose frequency in the population is 98-99%

A

high-frequency antigen

27
Q

one of a family of closely related though not identical proteins that are capable of acting as antibodies - IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

A

Immunoglobulin

28
Q

used to detect antigen-antibody reactions that occur in vitro

A

Indirect antiglobulin test IAT

29
Q

in vigro combination of antigen and antibody under certain conditions of time and temperature to allow antigen-antibody complexes to occur

A

incubation

30
Q

outside the living body, as in a laboratory setting

A

in vitro

31
Q

inside the living body

A

in vivo

32
Q

The ABO antibodies anti-A, anti-B, and anti-AB

A

isoagglutinin

33
Q

Proteins present in plants (usually seeds), which bind specifically to carbohydrate determinants and agglutinate erythrocytes through their cell surface of oligosaccharide determinants

A

Lectin

34
Q

Antibodies to WBCs

A

Leukoagglutinin

35
Q

antigen whose frequency in a random population is very low - <10%

A

Low-frequency antigen

36
Q

a type of agglutination pattern in which numerous small clumps of cells exist amid a sea of free cells. Usually when there is more than 1 RBC population present

A

mixed field

37
Q

The outward expression of genes on blood cells, serologically demonstrable antigens constitute the phenotype, except those sugar sites that are determined by transferases

A

Phenotype

38
Q

the liquid portion of whole blood, containing water, electrolytes, glucose, fats, protein, and gases. Contains all the clotting factors necessary for coagulation, but in inactive form

A

Plasma

39
Q

A procedure using a machine to remove only plasma form a donor or patient

A

Plasmapheresis

40
Q

incomplete lattice formation caused by an excellent of antibody molecules relative to the number of antigen sites, resulting in a false-neg reaction

A

Prozone

41
Q

receiving a donation from a known donor

A

Recipient specific donor (directed donor)

42
Q

coin-like stacking of RBCs int eh presence of plasma expanders or abnormal plasma proteins

A

Rouleaux

43
Q

An unspecialized cell, capable of self-renewal, that gives rise to a group of differential cells, such as the hematopoietic cell

A

stem cell

44
Q

a condition of being made sensitive to a specific substance after the initial exposure to that substance. Results in development of immunological memory that evokes an accentuated immune response with subsequent exposure to that substance

A

Sensitization

45
Q

the fluid that remains after whole blood has clotted

A

serum

46
Q

the affinity of an antibody and the antigen against which it is directed

A

specificity

47
Q

a measurement of the strength of an antibody by testing its reactivity at increasing dilutions against the appropriate antigen. The reciprocal of the highest dilution that shows agglutination is the titer

A

Titer

Transfusions Lab (2 decks)

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