Week One Term

Question 1

Clinical judgement

Answer 1

your ability to make decisions and solve problems by making sense of information in a situation. It is not memorizing a list of facts or the steps of a procedure. Instead, you use nursing knowledge to assess situations, identify priority problems, and generate the best possible solutions to deliver safe patient care.

Question 2

Delegation

Answer 2

allows a care provider to perform a specific nursing activity, skill, or procedure beyond their usual role.17 Delegating and assigning nursing activities is a process that, when used appropriately, results in safe, effective, and efficient patient care. Delegating can allow you more time to focus on complex patient care needs. Delegating care and supervising others will be one of your essential roles as a professional nurse.

Question 3

Evidence-based practice EBP

Answer 3

a problem-solving approach to clinical decision making. Using the best available evidence (e.g., research findings, QI data), combined with your expertise and the patient’s unique circumstances and preferences leads to better clinical decisions and improved patient outcomes

Question 4

Failure to rescue

Answer 4

occurs when there is failure or delay in recognizing a patient has developed complications. As a result, the patient worsens and has an adverse outcome.

Question 5

Nursing process

Answer 5

a problem-solving approach to the identification and treatment of patient problems. It is the foundation of nursing practice. The nursing process framework provides a structure for delivering nursing care and the knowledge, judgments, and actions that nurses use to achieve the best patient outcomes.
The nursing process consists of 5 phases: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation (ADPIE)

Question 6

SBAR

Answer 6

Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) technique (Table 1.3). SBAR offers a structured way to discuss a patient’s condition between team members. It allows you to communicate vital patient information that needs immediate attention and action.

Question 7

Serious reportable event (SRE)

Answer 7

also called a never event, to describe serious, largely preventable, and harmful clinical events.18 The current list of SREs consists of 29 events. These events include a patient acquiring a stage 3 or greater pressure injury after admission and death or injury from a fall or hypoglycemia.

Question 8

Biofeedback

Answer 8

helps a person become more aware of involuntary body responses such as breathing, heart rate, and muscle activity. Electrodes attached to the skin or, in some cases, hand-held sensors measure these processes and display them on a monitor.

Question 9

Coping

Answer 9

a person’s efforts to manage stressors.

Question 10

Imagery

Answer 10

the use of your mind to generate images that have a calming effect on the body. It involves focusing the mind and incorporates all the senses to create physiologic and emotional changes.

Question 11

Meditation

Answer 11

a practice of concentrated focus on a sound, object, visualization, the breath, or movement.

Question 12

Mind-body-spirit connection

Answer 12

involves the relationship and interconnectedness among the parts that make up a person: mind, body, and spirit (Fig. 7.7). All 3 parts are important in your life and in determining who you are. What goes on in your mind influences every part of the body.

Question 13

Relaxation breathing

Answer 13

Breathe deeply and slowly

Question 14

Stress

Answer 14

The inability to cope with perceived (real or imagined) demands or threats to one’s mental, emotional, or spiritual well-being.

Question 15

Stressors

Answer 15

Question 16

Acculturation

Answer 16

the lifelong process of incorporating cultural aspects of the contexts in which a person grows, lives, works, and ages.

Question 17

Culture

Answer 17

is a way of life for a group of people. It includes the behaviors, beliefs, values, traditions, and symbols that the group accepts, generally without thinking about them.

Question 18

Ethnicity

Answer 18

ethnicity and race are subjective and based on self-report. We often use these terms interchangeably. They are not defined by genetic markers. Social context and lived experiences influence people’s decision about the ethnic and race category to which they identify or are assigned. Ethnic and race categories may differ on a person’s birth certificate and death certificate.

Question 19

Ethnocentrism

Answer 19

the belief that one’s own culture and worldview are superior to those of others from different cultural, ethnic, or racial backgrounds.

Question 20

Health disparities

Answer 20

differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and burden of diseases that exist among specific population groups.

Question 21

Health equity

Answer 21

achieved when every person has the opportunity to attain their health potential, and no one is disadvantaged

Question 22

Social determinants of health

Answer 22

nonmedical factors that (1) influence the health of persons and groups and (2) explain why some people have poorer health than others

Question 23

Stereotyping

Answer 23

An overgeneralized viewpoint that members of a specific culture, race, or ethnic group are alike and share the same values and beliefs.

Question 24

Values

Answer 24

the sets of rules by which persons, families, groups, and communities live.

Question 25

Old-old adult

Answer 25

85 and up.

often a widowed, divorced, or single woman dependent on family for support or care. Many have outlived children, spouses or partners, and siblings.

Question 26

Young-old adult

Answer 26

65-74

typically are healthier, independent, and typically maintain good cognitive function.