Week One Term Flashcards
Clinical judgement
your ability to make decisions and solve problems by making sense of information in a situation. It is not memorizing a list of facts or the steps of a procedure. Instead, you use nursing knowledge to assess situations, identify priority problems, and generate the best possible solutions to deliver safe patient care.
Delegation
allows a care provider to perform a specific nursing activity, skill, or procedure beyond their usual role.17 Delegating and assigning nursing activities is a process that, when used appropriately, results in safe, effective, and efficient patient care. Delegating can allow you more time to focus on complex patient care needs. Delegating care and supervising others will be one of your essential roles as a professional nurse.
Evidence-based practice EBP
a problem-solving approach to clinical decision making. Using the best available evidence (e.g., research findings, QI data), combined with your expertise and the patient’s unique circumstances and preferences leads to better clinical decisions and improved patient outcomes
Failure to rescue
occurs when there is failure or delay in recognizing a patient has developed complications. As a result, the patient worsens and has an adverse outcome.
Nursing process
a problem-solving approach to the identification and treatment of patient problems. It is the foundation of nursing practice. The nursing process framework provides a structure for delivering nursing care and the knowledge, judgments, and actions that nurses use to achieve the best patient outcomes.
The nursing process consists of 5 phases: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation (ADPIE)
SBAR
Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) technique (Table 1.3). SBAR offers a structured way to discuss a patient’s condition between team members. It allows you to communicate vital patient information that needs immediate attention and action.
Serious reportable event (SRE)
also called a never event, to describe serious, largely preventable, and harmful clinical events.18 The current list of SREs consists of 29 events. These events include a patient acquiring a stage 3 or greater pressure injury after admission and death or injury from a fall or hypoglycemia.
Biofeedback
helps a person become more aware of involuntary body responses such as breathing, heart rate, and muscle activity. Electrodes attached to the skin or, in some cases, hand-held sensors measure these processes and display them on a monitor.
Coping
a person’s efforts to manage stressors.
Imagery
the use of your mind to generate images that have a calming effect on the body. It involves focusing the mind and incorporates all the senses to create physiologic and emotional changes.
Meditation
a practice of concentrated focus on a sound, object, visualization, the breath, or movement.
Mind-body-spirit connection
involves the relationship and interconnectedness among the parts that make up a person: mind, body, and spirit (Fig. 7.7). All 3 parts are important in your life and in determining who you are. What goes on in your mind influences every part of the body.
Relaxation breathing
Breathe deeply and slowly
Stress
The inability to cope with perceived (real or imagined) demands or threats to one’s mental, emotional, or spiritual well-being.
Stressors
Acculturation
the lifelong process of incorporating cultural aspects of the contexts in which a person grows, lives, works, and ages.
Culture
is a way of life for a group of people. It includes the behaviors, beliefs, values, traditions, and symbols that the group accepts, generally without thinking about them.
Ethnicity
ethnicity and race are subjective and based on self-report. We often use these terms interchangeably. They are not defined by genetic markers. Social context and lived experiences influence people’s decision about the ethnic and race category to which they identify or are assigned. Ethnic and race categories may differ on a person’s birth certificate and death certificate.
Ethnocentrism
the belief that one’s own culture and worldview are superior to those of others from different cultural, ethnic, or racial backgrounds.
Health disparities
differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and burden of diseases that exist among specific population groups.
Health equity
achieved when every person has the opportunity to attain their health potential, and no one is disadvantaged
Social determinants of health
nonmedical factors that (1) influence the health of persons and groups and (2) explain why some people have poorer health than others
Stereotyping
An overgeneralized viewpoint that members of a specific culture, race, or ethnic group are alike and share the same values and beliefs.
Values
the sets of rules by which persons, families, groups, and communities live.
Old-old adult
85 and up.
often a widowed, divorced, or single woman dependent on family for support or care. Many have outlived children, spouses or partners, and siblings.
Young-old adult
65-74
typically are healthier, independent, and typically maintain good cognitive function.
