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Biology 160 > Week One Lecture > Flashcards

Week One Lecture Flashcards

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1
Q

A species is:

A

a group of very similar organisms that can interbreed; share the same Linnaean binomial

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2
Q

Hierarchical Levels of life 1-4

A

molecules, organelles, cells, tissue

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3
Q

Hierarchical Levels of life 5-8

A

organs, organisms, populations, habitat & community

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4
Q

Hierarchical Levels of life 9-11

A

ecosystem, biosphere, planet

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5
Q

Homo sapiens and homo neanderthalensis are:

A

variations of the same species

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6
Q

Sometimes, closely related species can interbreed to create ______, that are mostly ______

A

hybrids; infertile

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7
Q

Name two animal hybrids!

A

Tigon, liger, zonkey, grolar bear

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8
Q

Name two plant hybrids!

A

pluot, limequat, tangelo

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9
Q

The scientist who created the binomial (two-name) system is:

A

Carl Linnaeus

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10
Q

What categories do the binomial system use?

A

Genus then species

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11
Q

What kingdoms of life did they ascribe to in the 18th century?

A

animal, vegetable, mineral

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12
Q

What are the current accepted kingdoms of life?

A

Six total: plantae, animalia, fungi, protista, eubacteria, archaebacteria

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13
Q

In 1990, ______ revised the six kingdoms and added a super-category above kingdom called ______

A

Carl Woese, domain

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14
Q

Which domains did Woese propose?

A

eukarya, archaebacteria, bacteria

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15
Q

Which kingdom has the highest number of species?

A

animalia

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16
Q

Which animal class has the highest number of species?

A

insects

17
Q

The highest biomass of all kingdoms is led by ______, with ______ second

A

plants, bacteria

18
Q

How many species do we have on the planet?

A

3,600,500

19
Q

What naming system organizes the massive amount of varied species?

A

Binomial nomenclature

20
Q

Canis familiaris = _____, felis domestica = _____

A

Dog, cat

21
Q

Which four of the eight traits of “life” are related to interacting with external environments?

A
  • respond to external stimulus
  • adapt to environment
  • grow and develop
  • homeostasis (internal static conditions independent of environment
22
Q

Which four of the eight traits of “life” are related to the reproduction of life?

A
  • made of cells
  • reproduce
  • create order and reduce entropy
  • convert and store energy
23
Q

Robots lack which trait of life?

A

made of cells

24
Q

The “gaia” hypothesis (that the Earth is a living being) neglects what two traits of life?

A

made of cells, reproduce

25
Q

What 3 hierarchical levels of life do not fit within the 8 criteria of life?

A

molecules, organelles, planet

26
Q

Name a cryptobiotic animal, plant, and microorganism

A

brine shrimp, resurrection plant, tardigrades

27
Q

Are surviving species superior to extinct species? Explain.

A

No. Surviving species were more adapted to endure rapid planet-wide disasters

28
Q

Is it realistic to expect the Moa or mammoth to be resurrected? Why?

A

Yes, because there are living species closely related enough that interbreeding might be possible

29
Q

Every island far enough from major continents experience different species evolution. What is the name of this rule, and what are two species that example it?

A

Fosters Rule; komodo dragons, giant storks, giant rats, pygmy elephants

30
Q

Extremophiles live in conditions almost no other species can survive. Name one extreme condition and related location.

A

Pressure: Mariana Trench

31
Q

What is mimicry?

A

a resemblance between two different species

32
Q

What is an example of mimicry?

A

octopodes changing shapes to resemble other species

33
Q

What is camouflage?

A

using color, patterns, or shapes to match the environment

34
Q

What is an example of camouflage?

A

pygmy seahorses that look like the seaweed they live in

35
Q

Other living beings have senses beyond our own. Name at least two.

A

sonar, infrared

Biology 160 (2 decks)

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