Week One Lecture Flashcards
A species is:
a group of very similar organisms that can interbreed; share the same Linnaean binomial
Hierarchical Levels of life 1-4
molecules, organelles, cells, tissue
Hierarchical Levels of life 5-8
organs, organisms, populations, habitat & community
Hierarchical Levels of life 9-11
ecosystem, biosphere, planet
Homo sapiens and homo neanderthalensis are:
variations of the same species
Sometimes, closely related species can interbreed to create ______, that are mostly ______
hybrids; infertile
Name two animal hybrids!
Tigon, liger, zonkey, grolar bear
Name two plant hybrids!
pluot, limequat, tangelo
The scientist who created the binomial (two-name) system is:
Carl Linnaeus
What categories do the binomial system use?
Genus then species
What kingdoms of life did they ascribe to in the 18th century?
animal, vegetable, mineral
What are the current accepted kingdoms of life?
Six total: plantae, animalia, fungi, protista, eubacteria, archaebacteria
In 1990, ______ revised the six kingdoms and added a super-category above kingdom called ______
Carl Woese, domain
Which domains did Woese propose?
eukarya, archaebacteria, bacteria
Which kingdom has the highest number of species?
animalia
Which animal class has the highest number of species?
insects
The highest biomass of all kingdoms is led by ______, with ______ second
plants, bacteria
How many species do we have on the planet?
3,600,500
What naming system organizes the massive amount of varied species?
Binomial nomenclature
Canis familiaris = _____, felis domestica = _____
Dog, cat
Which four of the eight traits of “life” are related to interacting with external environments?
- respond to external stimulus
- adapt to environment
- grow and develop
- homeostasis (internal static conditions independent of environment
Which four of the eight traits of “life” are related to the reproduction of life?
- made of cells
- reproduce
- create order and reduce entropy
- convert and store energy
Robots lack which trait of life?
made of cells
The “gaia” hypothesis (that the Earth is a living being) neglects what two traits of life?
made of cells, reproduce
What 3 hierarchical levels of life do not fit within the 8 criteria of life?
molecules, organelles, planet
Name a cryptobiotic animal, plant, and microorganism
brine shrimp, resurrection plant, tardigrades
Are surviving species superior to extinct species? Explain.
No. Surviving species were more adapted to endure rapid planet-wide disasters
Is it realistic to expect the Moa or mammoth to be resurrected? Why?
Yes, because there are living species closely related enough that interbreeding might be possible
Every island far enough from major continents experience different species evolution. What is the name of this rule, and what are two species that example it?
Fosters Rule; komodo dragons, giant storks, giant rats, pygmy elephants
Extremophiles live in conditions almost no other species can survive. Name one extreme condition and related location.
Pressure: Mariana Trench
What is mimicry?
a resemblance between two different species
What is an example of mimicry?
octopodes changing shapes to resemble other species
What is camouflage?
using color, patterns, or shapes to match the environment
What is an example of camouflage?
pygmy seahorses that look like the seaweed they live in
Other living beings have senses beyond our own. Name at least two.
sonar, infrared
