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PSY224 - Behavioural & Cognitive Neuroscience > Week One - How to Read a Brain > Flashcards

Week One - How to Read a Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the Rostral/Anterior - C/Posterior located?

A

Front (R & A)

Back (C & P)

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2
Q

Where is the Dorsal/Superior - Inferior/Ventral located?

A

Top (D & S)

Bottom (V & I)

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3
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A

Brain & Spinal Cord

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4
Q

What are the 2 forms within the NS?

A

CNS, PNS

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5
Q

What is contained within the PNS?

A

Somatic Nervous System

Autonomic NS

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6
Q

What does afferent mean?

A

Nerves coming into the body

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7
Q

What does efferent mean?

A

Nerves going away from the body

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8
Q

What is the Sympathetic NS?

A

It is our bodies flight or fight response system.

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9
Q

What is the Parasympathetic NS?

A

It is our bodies rest and digest system.

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10
Q

What are the 3 major subdivisions of the of the CNS?

A

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

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11
Q

What are the principle structures of the Forebrain?

A 
Cerebral Cortex
Basal Ganglia
Limbic System
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
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12
Q

What are the principle structures of the Midbrain?

A

Tectum

Tegmentum

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13
Q

What are the principle structures of the Hindbrain?

A

Cerebellum
Pons
Medulla

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14
Q

What is the Precentral Gyrus known as?

A

Primary Motor Cortex

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15
Q

What is the Postcentral Gyrus known as?

A

Somatosensory Cortex

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16
Q

Where is language located in the brain?

A

left side

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17
Q

What are the 2 major language areas?

A

Broca and Wernicke’s area

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18
Q

Where is Broca’s area located?

A

Frontal lobe

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19
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area located?

A

Temporal lobe

20
Q

The prefrontal cortex is associated with what?

A

Personality, attention, anxiety

21
Q

What occurs if we have disease/damage to the prefrontal cortex?

A

Personality disorders

mood swings

22
Q

What is the central role of the thalamus?

A

Form early sensory processing of information (relay station)

23
Q

What does the Medial Geniculate connect to?

A

The auditory cortex

24
Q

What does the Lateral Geniculate connect to?

A

The visual cortex

25
Q

What does the Hypothalamus connect?

A

Connects with the Pituitary gland

26
Q

What does the Hypothalamus have close links too?

A

The endocrine system

Autonomic NS

27
Q

What does the Hypothalamus control?

A

Fight/flight response

reproduction, growth

28
Q

What disease affects the Basal Ganglia?

A

Huntington Disease

29
Q

What are the key components of the Limbic System?

A

Hippocampus
Amygdala
Mammillary Body

30
Q

What does the Limbic System do?

A

Is linked to emotion

31
Q

What is the prefrontal cortex associated with?

A

Attention and Anxiety Inhibition

32
Q

What is the Amygdala associated with?

A

Anxiety and Fear memory

33
Q

What is the hippocampus associated with?

A

Autobiographical memory

34
Q

What are the 2 ways to get information to the Amygdala?

A

the low road

the high road

35
Q

Explain the process of the low road

A

Thalamus to Amygdala

36
Q

Explain the process of the high road

A

Thalamus to Sensory Cortex to Amygdala

37
Q

What is the oldest part of the brain?

A

The brain stem

38
Q

What does the brain stem control?

A

Respiration
Cardiovascular system
Swallowing

39
Q

What is the RAS?

A

A web of reticulum of nerves

40
Q

What does damage to the RAS result in?

A

Coma

Unconsciousness

41
Q

What is the Blood Brain Barrier?

A

A permeable membrane that surrounds capillaries

42
Q

Why do we have the BBB?

A

To isolate the brain from harmful substances (eg toxins)

To protect from sudden changes

43
Q

What is a key role of the BBB?

A

It works as a transport system to carry waste out and keep nutrients in

44
Q

What are the Meninges?

A

A protective sheath around the brain and spinal cord

45
Q

What is Cerebral Spinal Fluid produced by?

A

Ependymal Cells

PSY224 - Behavioural & Cognitive Neuroscience (4 decks)

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