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Chinese Clinical Medicine 2 > Week one - Cough + Common Cold > Flashcards

Week one - Cough + Common Cold Flashcards

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Chinese (Mandarin) flashcards
1
Q

What is Cough caused by?

A

The failure of Lung Qi to descend:
1. Lung Qi is too weak to move in its natural direction
2. Lung Qi is blocked by a pathogen or obstruction to Qi movement

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2
Q

How does Yin Xu cause cough?

A

Yin Xu causes cough by drying the Lung fluids and generating heat from deficiency which rises, taking the Lung Qi with it. Cough from deficiency is chronic and persistent.

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3
Q

How to do the Kidney’s aid in respiration?

A

By grasping Qi. As Lung Qi descends, the Kidney’s receive and anchor it.

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4
Q

What are the clinical features of Wind-Cold?

A

Acute, loud, heavy cough with moderate amounts of thin, clear or white sputum
Fever and chills
Runny nose, thin watery sputum
No sweating
Occipital or frontal headache
T: thin white coat
P: floating, floating and tight

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5
Q

What is the treatment for Wind cold invasion?

A

TP: Dispel wind-cold, diffuse the Lungs, direct Lung Qi downward and stop cough.

LI4, LU7, GB20, BL12, BL13, CV14, LU5, CV17, CV22, GV23

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6
Q

What is LI4?

A

LI4: Gao Wu Command point for the head and face? In general is a moving point? Expels wind and releases the exterior AND regulates defensive Qi and adjusts sweating.

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7
Q

What is LU7?

A

LU7: Gao Wu command point, Luo-connecting point. Confluent point of the CV. Releases the exterior and expels wind. Promotes the descending function of the Lung. Pacifies Wind and Phlegm

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8
Q

What is GB20?

A

GB20: Meeting point of the GB and SJ channels. Eliminates Wind. Benefits the head and eyes. ACAP.

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9
Q

What is BL12?

A

BL12: FengMen – Wind Gate. Expels Wind and releases the exterior. Strengthens the defensive Qi and firms the exterior. Disseminates and descends Lung Qi.

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10
Q

What is BL13?

A

BL13: Back-Shu point of the Lung (Lower Boarder of T3, Locate at the highest point of the paraspinal muscles). Tonifies Lung Qi and nourishes Lung Yin.

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11
Q

What is CV14?

A

CV14: Front Mu point of the Heart. Descends Lung Qi and unbinds the chest. Transforms Phlegm and calms the spirit.

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12
Q

What is LU5?

A

LU5: He Sea point
Descends rebellious Qi and alleviates cough and wheezing. Benefits the throat and voice.

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13
Q

What is the herbal formula to treat Wind-Cold invasion?

A

JIN FEI CAO SAN

Disperses Wind-Cold
Descends Lung Qi
Transforms Phlegm
Stops cough
Calms wheezing

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14
Q

What is Wind-Heat?

A

Acute, dry, hacking cough, or cough with sticky, yellow, hard-to-expectorate sputum, accompanied by fever with little or no chills and a sore, dry or scratchy throat. The fever is usually mild to moderate but may occasionally be high. Nasal obstruction, or thick, yellow or green nasal discharge.
* mild to moderate sweating
* thirst
* headache (usually frontal)

T normal or red-tipped with a thin, white or yellow coat P floating and rapid

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15
Q

What is the treatment of Wind Heat?

A

Dispel wind-heat, diffuse the Lungs, direct Lung qi downward and stop cough
GB14, LU5, BL12, GB20, BL13, LI4, TE5, LU10, LU11
Auricular: Lung + ShenMen

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16
Q

What is TE5?

A

TE5: Luo connecting point of the SJ channel, confluent point of the Yang Linking vessel. Expels wind and releases the exterior. Benefits the head and ears. Opens the Yang linking vessel. Clears heat. ACAP.

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17
Q

What is LU10?

A

LU10: Ying Spring and Fire point. Clears Lung Heat. Benefits the throat. Descends rebellious Qi.

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18
Q

What is LU11?

A

LU11: Jing well and wood point. Clears heat and benefits the throat.

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19
Q

What is the herbal formula for Wind Heat?

A

Sang Ju Yin
Disperses Wind Heat
Stops Cough
Clears the Lungs

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20
Q

What is Wind Dry invasion?

A

Dryness patterns are due to pathogenic wind and dryness invading the Lungs.

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21
Q

What are the S+S of Wind Dry?

A

Acute, hacking, unproductive cough. The cough may cause chest pain. If there is any sputum present, it is scant, sticky, thick, hard-to-expectorate and possibly blood- streaked. Dryness of oral cavity, nose and lips is marked; lips may be cracked and skin is noticeably dry.
* possible mild fever and slight chills or aversion to wind in the early stages
T dry with a red tip and a thin, dry, yellow coat P floating or fine and rapid

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22
Q

What is the treatment principle of Wind Dry?

A

Dispel wind-dryness and moisten the Lungs
Diffuse the Lungs, direct Lung qi downward and stop cough

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23
Q

What acupuncture points are beneficial for wind dryness?

A

GV14, LU5, BL12, GB20, BL13, LI4, TE5, LU7, KI6, SP6

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24
Q

What is GV14?

A

GV14: meeting point of Yang channels. Important point for clearing pathogens from the exterior.

25
Q

What is LU7 + KI6 good for?

A

LU7 + KI6: tonify yin and can assist in moistening the Lungs and throat

26
Q

What is SP6?

A

SP6: strengthens the Spleen and Kidney’s, benefits Qi and Yin to moisten dryness.

27
Q

What is the herbal formula for Wind Dryness?

A

Sang Xing Tang
Clears and Disperses Wind-Heat and Dryness
Moistens the Lungs

28
Q

What is Phlegm Damp?

A

Phlegm-dampness causes a chronic or persistent cough. Phlegm-dampness is often a mixture of excess (phlegm- dampness) and deficiency (Spleen and Lung).

29
Q

What are the S+S of Phlegm Damp?

A

Chronic productive cough with thin or thick, white
or clear sputum. A noticeable rattle in the chest with coughing which tends to worsen in the morning or
with certain foods (raw or rich, greasy foods, sugar or dairy products); sputum is generally easy to expectorate. Marked stifling sensation in the chest.
* abdominal distention; poor appetite; nausea or vomiting; loose stools
* tiredness, lethargy, heaviness, sleepiness

T swollen with a thick, greasy, white coat; pale and
scalloped with Spleen deficiency
P wiry and slippery; soft and slippery with Spleen deficiency

30
Q

What is the treatment principle of Phlegm-Damp?

A

Dry and transform phlegm-dampness
Stop cough, regulate qi and strengthen the Spleen

31
Q

What acupuncture points are good for Phlegm Damp or Phlegm Heat?

A

Points for Phlegm Damp and Phlegm Heat: ST40, BL13, CV17, CV22, LU5, LU7
Wheezing: DingChuan
Stifling sensation in chest: PC5
Underlying Spleen Xu: ST36, BL20, LR13
Auricular points: Lung, Spleen, Subcortex, Sympathetic, ShenMen.

32
Q

What herbal formula is suitable for Phlegm dampness?

A

Er Chen Tang
* Dries dampness
* Transforms Phlegm
* Regulates Qi
* Harmonises the Middle Jiao

33
Q

What is Phlegm Heat?

A

The key feature is a persistent cough with sticky yellow or green sputum. The accompanying systemic symptoms are generally milder.

Acute or persistent productive cough with profuse thick, yellow or green, hard-to-expectorate sputum; cough
is loud, hacking, and painful, and there may be blood- streaked sputum. May be accompanied by breathlessness or wheezing that is worse at night and first thing in the morning, with a marked stifling sensation in the chest.
* when acute there may be fever, worse in the afternoon or evening
* constipation, or loose stools
* lethargy and weakness (with more phlegm); restlessness
and irritability (with more heat)
* red complexion; dry mouth and throat; low grade sore
throat
T thick, greasy or dry, yellow coat; tongue body may be red P slippery and rapid, or soft and rapid

34
Q

What is the treatment principle of Phlegm Heat?

A

TP: Transform and expel phlegm and clear heat. Direct Lung Qi downward and stop cough.

35
Q

What herbs are suitable for Phlegm Heat?

A

Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan
Clears Heat
Dissolves Phlegm
Descends Qi
Stops cough

36
Q

What is ST40?

A

Connecting point of the Stomach, major point to transform phlegm; good when paired with SP-3 (tài bái) for phlegm-dampness, and with ST-44 (nèi tíng) for phlegm-heat

37
Q

How does Liver Fire invade the Lungs?

A

Liver fire invades the Lungs via the reverse controlling cycle.

38
Q

What is Liver Fire?

A
  • Paroxysmal, hacking cough accompanied by focal chest and hypochondriac pain. Coughing is provoked by stress, emotional turmoil and anger. Sticky, yellow, hard-to- expectorate sputum, blood-streaked sputum or sputum lodged in the throat and constant throat clearing are noted.
  • During episodes of coughing, patients become upset or angry, hot and flushed, with blood shot eyes. The cough often drags on, or recurs regularly, becoming self-per- petuating as anxiety and worry about the illness further complicates the existing emotional stress.
  • quick temper, irritability, restlessness, depression
  • temporal or migraine headaches
  • bitter taste in the mouth; thirst, dry mouth and throat
    T red or red tip and edges with a thick or thin, dry, yellow
    coat
    P wiry, rapid and forceful, or slippery, rapid and forceful
39
Q

What is the treatment principle of Liver Fire?

A

Clear heat and cool Lung and Liver fire Regulate qi and direct Lung qi downward Transform phlegm, stop cough

40
Q

What is the treatment for Liver Fire?

A

BL13, LU1, LU5, LI4, LU10, LR2, LR3, LI11, GB34, BL18, LR14

Blood streaked sputum LU6
Severe Heat in Lungs LU11
Ear points: Lung, Shenmen, Liver, Point Zero
Subcortex, Sympathetic

41
Q

What is the herbal formula for Liver Fire?

A

Xie Bai San
Drains (Hidden) Heat from the Lungs
Calms wheezing (asthma)
Stops coughing
Relieves dyspnea

42
Q

What is LI11 + GB34

A

LI-11 (qū chí –)
GB-34 (yáng líng quán –)
sea points of the Large Intestine and Gallbladder respectively, these points clear heat from the Lungs and Liver and regulate qi to restore balance between metal and wood

43
Q

What is Blood stasis?

A

Recurrent irritating cough, worse at night. Scanty sputum – blood streaked or patches of dark, clotted blood. Focal chest pain.
Cold, mottled extremities, spider nevi, congested vessels on face, chest and medial legs.
Pale or purplish tongue body with dark stagnation spots and distended sublingual veins.
Choppy and wiry pulse (possible fine and weak over time).

44
Q

What is the treatment principle for Blood stasis?

A

Invigorate Blood, stop cough

45
Q

What points can be used for Blood stasis?

A

BL17, local ashi points for focal pain, BL13, BL15, LU5, PC6, SP10

Haemoptysis LU6
Wet cupping on spider nevi on BL channel of upper back to invigorate blood in the chest
Ear points: Lung, Liver, Heart, Sympathetic, Shenmen

46
Q

What herbal formula is used for blood stasis cough?

A

Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Invigorates the Blood
Dispels Blood Stasis
Spreads Liver Qi
Unblocks the channels
Stops pain

47
Q

What is common cold (acute) caused by?

A

Invasion of the superficial layer of the body by pathogenic wind

48
Q

What are typical cold (acute) symptoms?

A

acute fever and chills, headache, nasal congestion or discharge, vomiting and diarrhea, sore throat and a floating pulse.

49
Q

What is Wind-Cold?

A

Enters the body through the pores - Tai Yang channels and Lungs
Nature of Cold is to freeze and constrict

Acute simultaneous fever and chills, with the chills more
pronounced than the fever. The chills are not relieved by putting on more clothes or wrapping up in blankets. In mild cases, fever and chills may not be apparent.
* no sweating
* myalgia; neck and upper back stiff and aching; occipital
headache
* nasal obstruction, or itchy nose and sneezing with runny
nose and thin, watery sputum
* cough or wheezing with thin, watery or white sputum
T thin, white coat
P floating, or floating and tight

50
Q

What is the treatment principle of Wind Cold?

A

Dispel wind-cold with acrid, warm herbs Promote diffusion and descent of Lung qi

51
Q

What herbal formula could be used for Wind Cold?

A

JING FANG BAI DU SAN

52
Q

What acupuncture points could be used for Wind Cold?

A

LI4 (clears wind cold and diffuses the Lungs)
LU7 (luo connecting, diffuses the Lungs and directs Lung Qi down)
GB20 (releases Wind, clears nose and alleviates Headache
BL12 (releases the exterior from Wind)
Bl13, GV14

53
Q

What is Wind Heat?

A

Enters through the tài yáng channels, nose or mouth. Wind and heat are yang pathogens, so symptoms concentrate
in the upper body. Heat rises upward, affecting the head, throat and chest, drying fluids and yin, leading to thickened, colored secretions.
There are two variations: excess and deficiency. Excess is associated with robust protective qi, and even though the patient is quite hot, there is no sweating. The deficiency pat- tern is associated with weak protective qi, with the patient clearly sweating. Diaphoresis must be toned down to avoid over sweating the patient and damaging the fluids and yin.

54
Q

What are the symptoms of Wind-Heat (acute cold)?

A
  • Acute moderate to high fever, with mild chills
  • sore, dry or scratchy throat, often the first symptom noted
    by the patient
  • no sweating, or mild sweating
  • headache, usually frontal
  • dry mouth and throat; thirst
  • cough with hard-to-expectorate yellow sputum
  • nasal obstruction, or a nasal discharge which is thick and
    yellow or green
    T red tipped with a thin, yellow coat P floating and rapid
55
Q

What is the treatment principle?

A

Dispel wind-heat with acrid, cool herbs

56
Q

What is the herbal formula for Wind-Heat?

A

YIN QIAO SAN

57
Q

What acupuncture points can be used for Wind-Heat (common cold)?

A

GV14 (meeting point of the Yang channels, clears heat from the exterior)
LI11 (dispels Wind-Heat)
BL12, GB20, BL13, LI4
TE5 (connecting point of the TB, dispels Wind-Heat
LU10 - clears heat from the Lungs and eases the throat

58
Q
A

Chinese Clinical Medicine 2 (7 decks)

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