Week one:

Question 1

Alien Hand

Answer 1

Corticobasalar degeneration or mesial frontal lesions

• Unintentional hand postures and apraxia (CBD)
• Mesial frontal lesions can have intermanual conflict

Question 2

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 2

Bilateral mesial temporal lobe lesions (esp. hippocampus)

Can’t lay down new memories

Question 3

Anton’s Syndrome/Blindsight:

Answer 3

Bilateral occipital lesions
Cortical blindness with confabulation (Anton’s)
Intact visual responses despite cortical blindness (Blindsight)

Question 4

Balint’s Syndrome

Answer 4

Bilateral parieto-occipital lesions
Optic ataxia (clumsy visually guided movements)
Ocular apraxia (unable to get your eyes to look in the right place)
Simultagnosia (can’t see the forest through the trees)

Question 5

Gerstmann Syndrome

Answer 5

Left inferior parietal lesions
R/L confusion, finger agnosia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia encephalopathy: Mammilary body lesions
Anterograde amnesia with confabulated answers

Question 6

Prosopagnosia

Answer 6

Occipito-temporal lesions

Inability to recognize faces

Question 7

Pure Alexa (alexia without agraphia)

Answer 7

Left occipital and spenium of corpus callosum

Can write but cannot read

Question 8

Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 8

effortful, disordered grammar, sound-related errors

Question 9

Wernicke’s Aphasia

Answer 9

poor comprehension, fluent, empty content, neologisms, semantically related errors (chair–> table)

Question 10

Conduction Aphasia

Answer 10

poor repitition, hesitation

Question 11

Transcortical motor and sensory

Answer 11

repitition intact, often from watershed ischemia

Question 12

The Three Characteristics of Aphasia

Answer 12

Fluency, Comprehension, Repetition