Week One Flashcards
Throughout the Chou Dynasty (circa 1100 BC), the royal colors were gold and silver.
True
The croquignole wrapping technique was introduced after World War II.
False
Brazilian straightening techniques were introduced in the United States in 2006.
True
Perfume oils are usually acceptable when working in a salon with a no-fragrance policy.
False
A hydraulic chair can be raised or lowered to accommodate stylists of different heights.
True
In cosmetology, customer service is central to success.
True
A consultation need only be performed prior to the client’s first service and salon visit.
False
When discussing haircolor with a client, photos can be confusing.
False
The smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb is the radius.
True
After four years of college, you can become a dermatologist.
False
Vitamins such as A, C, D, and E have been shown to have positive effects on the skin’s health when taken by mouth.
True
The cause of rosacea is unknown.
True
The trick in preventing occupational contact dermatitis is to use gloves or utensils when working with irritating chemicals.
True
Hair is approximately 60 percent protein.
False - Hair is approximately 90 percent protein.
Distilled water is a particularly good conductor.
False
A wall plate is also known as facial stimulator.
True
Microcurrent travels throughout the entire body.
False
Wavy hair does not reflect much light and can be coarse to the touch.
False
To measure symmetry, you should divide the face into four equal parts.
True
The two basic requirements for a healthy scalp are cleanliness and nutrition.
False
Before freshwater enters public water pipelines, small amounts of chlorine are added to kill bacteria.
True
With properly fitted shears, the thumb hole will rest up to or just over the knuckle.
False
Rectangular base pin curls are usually recommended at the side front hairline for a smooth, upsweep effect.
True
When pressing gray hair, avoid excessive heat, which may cause discoloration or breakage.
True
With proper care, a braided hair design can last up to 6 months.
False
The art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair is called:
a. cosmetology b. nail technology c. barbering d. esthetics
A. Cosmetology
The process of steam distillation was refined by the:
a. Middle Ages b. Romans c. Greeks d. Persians
D. Persians
The barber pole—symbol of the barber-surgeon—has its roots in a medical procedure called:
a. staff b. knifing c. dentistry d. bloodletting
D. Bloodletting
Types of facilities in which cosmetologists work include which of the following?
a. specialty salons b. full-service salons c. day spas d. all answers are correct
D. All answers are correct
The hallmark of professionalism is:
a. posture b. politeness c. trendy makeup d. functional clothing
B. Politeness
Together, the active stage and inactive, or spore-forming, stage of bacteria are referred to as the:
a. surrounding environment b. beneficial effects c. life cycle of bacteria d. chemical origin of bacteria
C. Life Cycle Of Bacteria
Muscles that separate the fingers are:
a. pronators b. adductors c. extensors d. abductors
D. Abductors
The largest and most complex nerve tissue of the body is the:
a. axon b. brain c. spinal cord d. neurons
D. Neurons
The medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin, its functions and diseases, is:
a. anatomy b. physiology c. histology d. dermatology
d. dermatology
The surface of healthy skin is slightly:
a. alkaline b. rough c. yellow d. acidic
d. acidic
The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the:
a. surface b. epidermis c. dermis d. subcutaneous
b. epidermis
The epidermis layer of the skin is also known as the:
a. dermis layer b. papillary layer c. cuticle layer d. subcutaneous layer
c. cuticle layer
The muscle that causes goose bumps when a person is frightened or cold is the:
a. secretory muscle b. angled muscle c. arrector pili muscle d. absorption muscle
c. arrector pili muscle
Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body’s weight?
a. 35 to 45 percent b. 50 to 70 percent c. 20 to 30 percent d. 40 to 45 percent
b. 50 to 70 percent
A freckle is an example of a mark on the skin called a:
a. bulla b. lesion c. cyst d. pustule
b. lesion
Benign, keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening are:
a. cysts b. nodules c. keloids d. milia
d. milia
The main food source for acne bacteria is:
a. propionibacterium b. fatty acids c. blood d. oxygen
b. fatty acids
Which of the following is NOT an intrinsic skin-aging factor?
a. gravity b. facial expressions c. sun exposure d. genetic aging
c. sun exposure
The five main structures of the hair root include all of the following except the:
a. hair follicle b. epidermis c. dermal papilla d. arrector pili muscle
b. epidermis
Hair that has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing is:
a. medium hair b. gray hair c. fine hair d. coarse hair
d. coarse hair
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is:
a. elasticity b. porosity c. density d. saturation
b. porosity
Ions with a positive electrical charge are considered to be:
a. neutral b. cation c. nonaqueous d. anion
b. cation
A substance that is a particularly good conductor of electricity is:
a. rubber b. silk c. glass d. copper
d. copper
Rubber, silk, wood, and glass are common examples of:
a. currents b. modalities c. converters d. insulators
d. insulators
Infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current is known as:
a. anaphoresis b. iontophoresis c. desincrustation d. cataphoresis
b. iontophoresis
The type of current that should not be used on clients who are pregnant, have high blood pressure, or have a pacemaker is:
a. Tesla high-frequency b. battery current c. alternating current d. white light
a. Tesla high-frequency
Curved lines that are used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines are:
a. single-lines b. diagonal lines c. transitional lines d. contrasting lines
c. transitional lines
To draw a line in a hairstyle in the direction you want the eye to travel, use a:
a. warm color b. dark color c. light color d. recessed color
c. light color
A single line of color, or a series of repeated lines, creates a:
a. thinner and straighter accent b. soft, warm excitement c. closer-to-the-surface accent d. bold, dramatic accent
d. bold, dramatic accent
Hair that has been lightened, colored, permed, or chemically relaxed is called:
a. chemically treated b. virgin c. overprocessed d. dry
a. chemically treated
The water-attracting head of the surfactant molecule is:
a. hydrophilic b. lipophilic c. a salt atom d. deionized
a. hydrophilic
Products that do not remove artificial color from the hair are considered to be:
a. medicated b. neutral c. moisturizing d. nonstripping
d. nonstripping
Which type of shampoo should be used when a buildup is evident, after swimming, and prior to all chemical services?
a. balancing shampoo b. clarifying shampoo c. medicated shampoo d. conditioning shampoo
b. clarifying shampoo
The part of the head that is found by placing a comb flat on the side of the head is the:
a. reference points b. temporal ridge c. occipital ridge d. parietal ridge
d. parietal ridge
Elevation creates graduation and layers and is usually described in:
a. degrees b. metrics c. lines d. sections
a. degrees
When securing a roller, one end of the clip should be under the roller and one end:
a. angled at the scalp b. twisted c. inside the roller d. invisible
c. inside the roller
After heating a pressing comb, the temperature of the comb should be tested using:
a. fingers b. a hair section c. cloth d. light paper
d. light paper
A manufactured synthetic fiber used for hair extensions that is durable, soft, and less inclined to tangle than many other synthetics is:
a. rayon b. synthetic c. yarn d. Kanekalon
d. Kanekalon
A simple two-strand braid in which the hair is picked up from the sides and added to strands as they are crossed over each other is the:
a. extension b. fishtail c. inverted d. invisible
b. fishtail
Narrow rows of visible braids that lie close to the scalp are:
a. invisible b. box c. cornrows d. fishtail
c. cornrows
Step 6 in creating basic cornrows is:
a. determine the correct size and direction of the cornrow base b. braid to the end c. massage oil throughout scalp and hair d. divide the panel into three even strands
d. divide the panel into three even strands
Capless wigs are more popular than cap wigs as they are considered ready-to-wear and:
a. tight and uncomfortable b. underknotted c. more expensive d. less expensive
d. less expensive
When using heat on human hair wigs, the temperature setting on the styling tool should be:
a. low b. strong c. fast d. high
a. low
To clean a wig, follow the manufacturer’s directions and select a shampoo that is:
a. sulfur based b. alkaline c. medicated d. gentle
d. gentle
The method of attaching extensions to a client’s own hair with a bonding material and heat from a special tool is:
a. locking b. sewing c. fusion bonding d. switch bonding
c. fusion bonding
New York chemist who introduced permanent hair color and founded Clairol.
Lawrence Gelb
Modern version of the cold wave.
alkaline perm
Period in history during which Western civilization made the transition from medieval to modern history.
Renaissance
Pioneer in the modern African-American hair care and cosmetics industry.
Sarah Breedlove
Austere and restrictive period in British history, from 1837 and 1901.
Victorian Age
Mineral that is the chief source of mercury, used to make vermillion.
Cinnabar
Name coined by beauty legend Noel DeCaprio.
Day Spa
Inventor, in 1872, of the first curling iron.
Marcel Grateau
The scientific study of hair and its diseases and care
Trichology
The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis
Hair Root
The outermost layer of hair
Cuticle
An oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin
Sebum
The growth phase, during which new hair is produced
Anagen
The medical term for ringworm
Tinea
Temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy
Postpartum alopecia
The technical term for brittle hair
Fragilitas crinium
Long, coiled, complex polypeptides made of amino acids
Proteins
Refers to the shape of the hair strand
Wave Pattern
Traditional updo sometimes called a classic French twist
Pleat
Curl placed directly on its base to produces a tight, firm, long-lasting curl
No-stem Curl
Thermal curls placed very high on their base, providing maximum lift or volume
Volume-base curls
Styling product that is lighter and less viscous than firm-hold gels, used for easy styling, defining, and molding
Texturizer
Nozzle attachment of a blowdryer that directs the air stream to any section of the hair more intensely
Concentrator
Also called thermal waving and curling
Marcel waving
Styling product that adds gloss and sheen to the hair while creating textural definition
Silicone
Haircutting and hairstyling were practiced as early as the Ice Age.
True
Ancient people used animal hide as a colorant for hair.
False
Throughout the Chou Dynasty (circa 1100 BC), the royal colors were gold and silver.
True
The croquignole wrapping technique was introduced after World War II.
False
Having good life skills builds high self-esteem.
True
If you find studying overwhelming, you should focus on large tasks all at once.
FALSE - If you find studying overwhelming, you should focus on small tasks one at a time.
In cosmetology, customer service is central to success.
True
A consultation need only be performed prior to the client’s first service and salon visit.
FALSE - A consultation should be performed, to some degree, as part of every single service and salon visit.
When discussing haircolor with a client, photos can be confusing.
FALSE - Because vocabulary can be confusing when discussing color, you should use pictures as much as possible.
Older clients do not like gum chewing, slang, or the use of yeah instead of yes.
True
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment is called systemic disease.
False
Viruses are not affected by antibiotics.
True
Acquired immunity is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.
False
Use of disinfectants as hand cleaners can cause skin irritation and allergy.
True
UV sanitizers are useful disinfection tools.
False
The cells of all living things are composed of a substance called protoplasm.
True
Nerve tissue carries messages to the brain and is made up of special cells known as neurons.
True
The cranium is made up of eight bones.
True
The largest and strongest bone of the face that forms the lower jaw is the maxillae.
False The largest and strongest bone of the face that forms the lower jaw is the mandible.
The smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb is the radius.
True
Sodium chloride is water.
False
Sodium chloride is common table salt.
Cold cream is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids.
False
Cold cream is an example of a water-in-oil emulsion.
Electricity does not occupy space or have physical or chemical properties.
True
Microcurrent travels throughout the entire body.
False
The art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair is called:
a. nail technology b. cosmetology c. esthetics d. barbering
B. Cosmetology
The first to cultivate beauty with extravagant fashions and use cosmetics as part of their personal beautification habits were:
a. the Romans b. the Indians c. the Renaissance d. the Egyptians
d. the Egyptians
During the Victorian Age, women pinched their cheeks and bit their lips to:
a. create a mask b. induce natural color c. punish themselves d. ready themselves for sleep
b. induce natural color
The salon industry depends heavily on its relationships with product distributors, which are referred to as:
a. directors of sales b. directors of styles c. directors of cosmetics d. distributor sales consultants
d. distributor sales consultants
Your license will unlock countless doors for employment; however, your career will be fueled with:
a. focusing on hair cutting b. poor taste and dishonesty c. skills and gossiping d. personal dedication and passion
d. personal dedication and passion
A success strategy where you imagine yourself working in your dream salon is:
a. procrastination b. self-esteem c. arrogance d. visualization
d. visualization
The inner desire that propels you to do something is:
a. development b. manners c. procrastination d. motivation
d. motivation
The hallmark of professionalism is:
a. trendy makeup b. posture c. politeness d. functional clothing
c. politeness
Guidelines for good work posture include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. keep chest up and out b. sit with a straight back c. hold shoulders high d. elongate the neck
c. hold shoulders high
Which of the following will help counter the negative effects of repetitive motions?
a. reaching across the table when giving a manicure b. stretching and walking around at intervals c. bending the neck when standing d. holding elbows away from body when cutting
b. stretching and walking around at intervals
A tennis ball is useful in exercises to release stress from repetitive movement of which body part?
a. shoulders b. wrist c. ankles d. fingers
d. fingers
An important aspect of human relations is to:
a. talk less, listen more b. interrupt often c. avoid eye contact d. talk more, listen less
a. talk less, listen more
The act of successfully sharing information between two people, or groups of people, is known as:
a. reflective listening b. mutual respect c. effective communication d. reflexive language
c. effective communication
A client who prefers simple and sophisticated clothing, monochromatic colors, and no bright patterns is said to have what kind of style?
a. plain b. dramatic c. simple d. classic
d. classic
You should ask the client what at-home products she uses as part of which step of the consultation?
a. review client’s lifestyle b. determine client’s preferences c. analyze client’s hair d. show and tell
c. analyze client’s hair
When communicating with your salon manager, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:
a. be open and honest b. complain about colleagues c. check your attitude d. get your facts straight
b. complain about colleagues
Laws are also called:
a. guidelines b. rules c. statutes d. regulations
c. statutes
Invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogenic bacteria can result in a(n):
a. inflammation b. infection c. abrasion d. antitoxin
b. infection
Which term means to remove all visible dirt and debris from tools, implements, and equipment by washing with soap and water?
a. sterilize b. antiseptic c. disinfect d. clean
d. clean
A sign of a bacterial infection is the presence of:
a. tissue b. blood c. lesions d. pus
d. pus
A pimple or an abscess is an example of a:
a. general infection b. local infection c. blood disease d. daughter cell
b. local infection
Which fungus affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon?
a. staph b. tinea pedis c. mildew d. tinea barbae
c. mildew
The most frequently encountered infection on the foot resulting from nail services is:
a. tinea pedis b. tinea barbae c. barber’s itch d. tinea capitis
a. tinea pedis
Organisms that grow, feed, and find shelter on or in a host organism are called:
a. fumigations b. parasites c. fungi d. pathogens
b. parasites
Which of the following is an acceptable way to clean tools or instruments?
a. using an ultrasonic unit b. using a cleaning solvent c. washing with soap and water, then scrubbing with a clean, disinfected nail brush d. All answers are correct.
d. All answers are correct.
A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is a(n):
a. parasite b. allergy c. infection d. disease
b. allergy
When hand washing, it is important to rub hands together for a minimum of how long?
a. 20 seconds b. 30 seconds c. 2 minutes d. 1 minute
a. 20 seconds
Universal Precautions for bloodborne pathogens are regulated by:
a. DOE b. DOL c. FDA d. OSHA
d. OSHA
The basic unit of all living things is:
a. blood b. bacteria c. plasma d. cells
d. cells
The chemical process in living organisms whereby cells are nourished and carry out their activities is:
a. division b. metabolism c. mitosis d. reproduction
b. metabolism
The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within cells into smaller ones is:
a. mitosis b. anabolism c. cell division d. catabolism
d. catabolism
The bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the:
a. occipital b. frontal c. temporal d. mandible
a. occipital
The bone that forms the forehead is the:
a. frontal b. occipital c. parietal d. hyoid
a. frontal
The bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together is the:
a. sphenoid bone b. ethmoid bone c. parietal bone d. malar bone
a. sphenoid bone
