Week of November 26 Flashcards
Characteristics of a good leader
- inclusive
- enthusiastic
- encouraging
- compassionate
- challenge you
- dedicated
- hard working
Leadership theories
Trait theories
Leadership styles…
Trait theory
Leaders are born
Leaders are discovered
-some people have natural skill set, but for potential to be identified creates leader
Traits: intelligence, initiative, ambition, dependable, persistent, extrovert, self-confident
-past experience shows potential- success speaks
Charismatic leadership
- perceived to have extraordinary power or vision and is able to communicate that to others
- ability to build passion and motivation
- act in unconventional ways to achieve their vision, impressing their followers and creating an impression of being extraordinary
Charisma
-from Greek word meaning divinely inspired gift such as an extraordinary power or ability to perform miracles
Machiavellianism
Machiavellian leadership is believing that:
- people are basically weak, fallible, gullible and not particularly trustworthy
- others are impersonal objects, can be sacrificed if necessary
- one should manipulate others whenever necessary to reach own goals
- people are things or tools
Task roles
Task roles are what needs to be done to achieve job
- give opinion and information
- seek opinions and information
- give direction
- summarize
- coordinate
- diagnose
- energize
- test reality
- evaluate
- look for problems
Maintenance roles
- encourage participation
- harmonize and compromise
- relive tension
- communication helper
- evaluate emotional climate
- observe process
- Set standards
- build trust
- actively listen
Management grid
Concern for people vs concern for results
- 1.1 leader, not concerned with people or results
- 1.9- concerned with people but not results
- 9.1-good at task roles, poor at maintenance
- 9,9 high levels of task and maintenance role skill
Leaders
Autocratic leadership style
Dictate orders and determine all policy without involvement of other group members involvement
Democratic leadership style
Set policies through group discussion, encouraging and helping group member to interact, requesting cooperation of others and being considerate of members feelings and needs
laissez-faire leadership style
Does not participate in their group’s decision making
Influence theory of leadership
- leader defined as a group member who exerts more influence on others than others influence him/her
- implies a reciprocal role relationship between leaders and followers
- leader and follower both give something to and receive something from each other
- leaders do not influence through domination or coercion- rather persuade group members to cooperate in setting and achieving goals (this differs from machevelian, is more benevolent)
Role position approach
Leader - a person who holds a position of authority
Authority - legitimate power vested in a particular position to ensure that individuals in subordinate positions meet the requirements of their organizational role(position not person holds power)
Theory problems:
1)unclear of how ppl are appointed to high-authority positions
2)doesn’t explain how leader can engage in non-leadership behaviours and subordinates engage in leadership behaviour
3)role behaviour of subordinate is influenced by outsiders who have no direct authority over then
