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Exam 3 Pharm > Week 9 DM / Thyroid > Flashcards

Week 9 DM / Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Glyburide

Class

A

Sulfonylureas

DM

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2
Q

Glipizide

Class

A

Sulfonylureas

DM

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3
Q

Sulfonylureas

MOA

A

increases endogenous insulin secretion by beta cells by closing ATP/K channels

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4
Q

Sulfonylureas

SE

A

weight gain, hyperinsulinemia, nausea, epigastric fullness, heartburn, diarrhea, rash, SAIDH (esp CHF and cirrhosis pt), dizzy, nervousness, tremor

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5
Q

Pioglitazone (Actos)

Classs

A

Thiazolidinediones

DM

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6
Q

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

Class

A

Thiazolidinediones

DM

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7
Q

TZDs

MOA

A

selecive activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma leads to increased use of available insulin by liver and muscle cells, reduces hepatic glucose production

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8
Q

TZD

Black Box Warning

A

new CHF, vasodilation causes sodium retention –>fluid retention inc extracellular fluid

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9
Q

TZD

ADR

A

signs CHF, cardiac ischemia, hepatic dysfunction, need increase oral contraceptive or alternative

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10
Q

TZD

Monitor

A

LFTs

A1C

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11
Q

Acarbose

Class

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

DM

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12
Q

Miglitol

Class

A

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

DM

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13
Q

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor

MOA

A

inhibit enzyme from breaking down complex carbs in small intestine, delaying digestion to move further down bowel

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14
Q

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor

Contraindication

A

IBS, risk bowel obstruction, colonic ulceration, chronic intestinal disease,

do not take with charcoal or digestive enzyme or pancreatic enzymes

Not for renal impairment

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15
Q

Repaglinide (Prandin)

Class

A

Meglitinides

DM

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16
Q

Nateglinide

Class

A

Meglitinides

DM

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17
Q

Meglitinides

MOA

A

closes ATP/K channels in beta cells membrane leading to opening Ca channels to increase Ca which leads to inc insulin/ promotes insulin secretion

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18
Q

Meglitinides

Caution

A

renal impairment and hepatic impairment

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19
Q

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT-2)

MOA

A

blocks enzyme to block reabsorption of glucose in kidneys so it can be excreted in the urine

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20
Q

Canagliflozin (Invokana)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

21
Q

Dapagliflozin (Farixga)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

22
Q

Empagliflozin (Jardiance)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

23
Q

Ertugliflozin (Steglatro)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

24
Q

SGLT-2 Inhibitors

ADR

A

genital fungal infection, UTI, inc urination

Black Box- inc risk for amputation toes and lower legs for those hx amputation, peripheral disease

25
Q

Pramlintide (Symlin)

Class

A

Amylin Agent

DM

26
Q

Amylin Agent

MOA

A

acts on glucagon secretion by liver, slower gastric emptying, suppress appetite, pot weight loss

27
Q

Amylin Agent

SE

A

gastroparesis- may need meds to stimulate GI motility

alone doesn’t cause hypoglycemia

28
Q

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors

MOA

A

act on enzyme which interferes with GLP and GLP-1 incretin hormone which increases the amount of insulin made by beta cells

29
Q

Gliptins

MOA

A

enzyme needed to increases the amount of insulin produced by beta cells

30
Q

sitagliptin

Class

A

DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins

DM

31
Q

saxagliptin

class

A

DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins

DM

32
Q

linagliptin

Class

A

DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins

DM

33
Q

alogliptin

class

A

DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins

DM

34
Q

Exenatide (Byetta)

Class

A

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist

DM

35
Q

Liraglutide (Victoza)

Class

A

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist

DM

36
Q

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist

A

GLP-1 and gastric inhibitory peptide released from intestine in response to food to stimulate insulin secretion and dec glucagon release from alpha cells

37
Q

Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist

ADR

A

avoid hx GI disease, UC, crohns, pancreatitis

SE abd pain, N/V

38
Q

Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist

Monitor

A

INR, dig levels if on it

Thyroid, abd assessment, normal DM management

39
Q

Metformin

Class

A

Biguanides

40
Q

Rapid Acting Insulin

A

Humalog (Lispro)
Novolog (Aspart)
Apidra (Glulisine)

41
Q

Short Acting Insulin

A

Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)

42
Q

Intermediate Acting Insulin

A

Insulin isophane (NPH)
Humulin N
Novolin N

43
Q

Long Acting Insulin

A

Lantus (Glargine)
Toujeo
Levemir (Detemir)
Treiba (insulin degludec)

44
Q

Propylthiouracil

Class
ADR

A

Hyperthyroidism

hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis

45
Q

Methimazole

Class

A

hyperthyroidism

46
Q

Levothyroxine

Class/MOA

A

hypothyroidism

T4

47
Q

liothyronine

Class

A

hypothyroidism

T3

48
Q

liotrix

Class

A

hypothyroidism

T4 and T3

Exam 3 Pharm (2 decks)

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