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Exam 3 Pharm > Week 9 DM / Thyroid > Flashcards

Week 9 DM / Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Glyburide

Class

A

Sulfonylureas

DM

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2
Q

Glipizide

Class

A

Sulfonylureas

DM

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3
Q

Sulfonylureas

MOA

A

increases endogenous insulin secretion by beta cells by closing ATP/K channels

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4
Q

Sulfonylureas

SE

A

weight gain, hyperinsulinemia, nausea, epigastric fullness, heartburn, diarrhea, rash, SAIDH (esp CHF and cirrhosis pt), dizzy, nervousness, tremor

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5
Q

Pioglitazone (Actos)

Classs

A

Thiazolidinediones

DM

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6
Q

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

Class

A

Thiazolidinediones

DM

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7
Q

TZDs

MOA

A

selecive activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma leads to increased use of available insulin by liver and muscle cells, reduces hepatic glucose production

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8
Q

TZD

Black Box Warning

A

new CHF, vasodilation causes sodium retention –>fluid retention inc extracellular fluid

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9
Q

TZD

ADR

A

signs CHF, cardiac ischemia, hepatic dysfunction, need increase oral contraceptive or alternative

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10
Q

TZD

Monitor

A

LFTs

A1C

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11
Q

Acarbose

Class

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

DM

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12
Q

Miglitol

Class

A

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

DM

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13
Q

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor

MOA

A

inhibit enzyme from breaking down complex carbs in small intestine, delaying digestion to move further down bowel

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14
Q

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor

Contraindication

A

IBS, risk bowel obstruction, colonic ulceration, chronic intestinal disease,

do not take with charcoal or digestive enzyme or pancreatic enzymes

Not for renal impairment

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15
Q

Repaglinide (Prandin)

Class

A

Meglitinides

DM

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16
Q

Nateglinide

Class

A

Meglitinides

DM

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17
Q

Meglitinides

MOA

A

closes ATP/K channels in beta cells membrane leading to opening Ca channels to increase Ca which leads to inc insulin/ promotes insulin secretion

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18
Q

Meglitinides

Caution

A

renal impairment and hepatic impairment

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19
Q

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT-2)

MOA

A

blocks enzyme to block reabsorption of glucose in kidneys so it can be excreted in the urine

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20
Q

Canagliflozin (Invokana)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

21
Q

Dapagliflozin (Farixga)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

22
Q

Empagliflozin (Jardiance)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

23
Q

Ertugliflozin (Steglatro)

Class

A

Selective Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor

DM

24
Q

SGLT-2 Inhibitors

ADR

A

genital fungal infection, UTI, inc urination

Black Box- inc risk for amputation toes and lower legs for those hx amputation, peripheral disease

25
Pramlintide (Symlin) Class
Amylin Agent DM
26
Amylin Agent MOA
acts on glucagon secretion by liver, slower gastric emptying, suppress appetite, pot weight loss
27
Amylin Agent SE
gastroparesis- may need meds to stimulate GI motility | alone doesn't cause hypoglycemia
28
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors MOA
act on enzyme which interferes with GLP and GLP-1 incretin hormone which increases the amount of insulin made by beta cells
29
Gliptins MOA
enzyme needed to increases the amount of insulin produced by beta cells
30
sitagliptin Class
DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins DM
31
saxagliptin class
DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins DM
32
linagliptin Class
DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins DM
33
alogliptin class
DPP-4 Inhibitor/ gliptins DM
34
Exenatide (Byetta) Class
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist DM
35
Liraglutide (Victoza) Class
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist DM
36
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist
GLP-1 and gastric inhibitory peptide released from intestine in response to food to stimulate insulin secretion and dec glucagon release from alpha cells
37
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist ADR
avoid hx GI disease, UC, crohns, pancreatitis SE abd pain, N/V
38
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Monitor
INR, dig levels if on it Thyroid, abd assessment, normal DM management
39
Metformin Class
Biguanides
40
Rapid Acting Insulin
Humalog (Lispro) Novolog (Aspart) Apidra (Glulisine)
41
Short Acting Insulin
Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
42
Intermediate Acting Insulin
Insulin isophane (NPH) Humulin N Novolin N
43
Long Acting Insulin
Lantus (Glargine) Toujeo Levemir (Detemir) Treiba (insulin degludec)
44
Propylthiouracil Class ADR
Hyperthyroidism hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis
45
Methimazole Class
hyperthyroidism
46
Levothyroxine Class/MOA
hypothyroidism T4
47
liothyronine Class
hypothyroidism T3
48
liotrix Class
hypothyroidism T4 and T3

Exam 3 Pharm (2 decks)

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