Week 9

Question 1

Which of the following statements about the kidneys is TRUE?

(a) The left kidney is positioned slightly lower than the right kidney because of the liver
(b) Are intraperitoneal organs
(c) Renal pyramids form part of the cortex
(d) Renal columns form part of the medulla

Answer 1

(d) Renal columns form part of the medulla

Question 2

Which of the options detailed below represents the CORRECT order in which fluid flows
through the urinary system of a male?
1. penile urethra
2. ureter
3. membraneous urethra
4. prostatic urethra
5. urinary bladder

Answer 2

(c) 2, 5, 4, 3, 1

Question 3

Which component of the renal corpuscle consists of a cluster of capillaries with many small pores, called fenestrations

1. glomerulus
2. glomerular capsule (bowmans)

Answer 3

1. glomerulus

Question 4

A major characteristic of the Loop of Henle is that

(a) water reabsorption in this structure is regulated by the hormone aldosterone
(b) it is connected directly to the renal corpuscle
(c) it has both ascending and descending sections within a medullary pyramid
(d) most reabsorption of filtered nutrients (e.g. glucose) occurs here

Answer 4

(c) it has both ascending and descending sections within a medullary pyramid

Question 5

In which of the following locations would you expect to find the adrenal gland?

(a) Anterior surface of the kidney
(b) Superior surface of the kidney
(c) Lateral surface of the kidney
(d) Inferior surface of the kidney

Answer 5

(b) Superior surface of the kidney

Question 6

Amino acid-based hormones

(a) all bind to a common receptor embedded the cell membrane
(b) typically mediate their effects through the production of secondary messenger molecules
(c) diffuse through the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm
(d) are normally secreted into specialised ducts

Answer 6

(b) typically mediate their effects through the production of secondary messenger molecules

Question 7

Which of the following hormones is released from the POSTERIOR pituitary?

(a) Insulin
(b) FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
(c) ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
(d) Thyroid hormone

Answer 7

(c) ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Question 8

Hormones from the anterior pituitary
(a) are typically secreted in response to endocrine signals released by neurones in the
hypothalamus
(b) include growth hormone
(c) may target the thyroid or adrenal glands
(d) all of the above statements are correct

Answer 8

(d) all of the above statements are correct

Question 9

Which activity (or event) would directly result in an INCREASE in the levels of antidiuretic hormone
(ADH) in the blood?
(a) Not drinking any water for several hours
(b) Drinking 3 large glasses of water in quick sucession
(c) Not eating any food for 24 hours
(d) Eating a large slice of sweet chocolate cake

Answer 9

(a) Not drinking any water for several hours

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding the pancreas is INCORRECT?

(a) Produces bicarbonate ions that neutralise stomach acid
(b) Produces insulin from alpha cells
(c) Contains endocrine tissue called the Islets of Langerhan’s
(d) Produces glucagon that elevates blood glucose levels

Answer 10

(b) Produces insulin from alpha cells