Week 8 - Self-Actualisation & Self-Determination Flashcards
explain the humanistic perspective of Carl Rogers
Humanistic psychology -
The idea that everyone has the potential for growth and development.
Basic goal: No one is inherently bad or unworthy, everyone can grow.
Carl Rogers -
Provided a way to talk about how potential is realised and how that can fail to happen.
Growth is termed ‘actualisation’
Growth can occur hen there is little to no opposing forces.
Believed that actualisation is just part of human nature.
Self actualisation - the realisation or fulfilment of our goals. The tendency to develop your capabilities in ways that maintain or enhance the self.
define intrinsic motivation and self-determination theory
Intrinsic motivation -
motivation based on inherent interest, enjoyment and satisfaction.
The ideal motivation is intrinsic but extrinsic can also be self-determined if the person consciously values them or has integrated them into the self-structure.
Self-determination theory -
focuses on the difference between behaviour that is self-determined and behaviour that is controlled in some fashion
Disorganisation - behaviour that opposes the actualisation tendency in the sense of self.
3 needs - autonomy (self-determination), competence and relatedness.
describe with Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow elaborated on the idea of self-actualisation by proposing a hierarchy of motives from basic needs to self-actualisation.
Basic needs are more demanding, once satisfied one can move up to higher levels.
Higher needs can only affect motive when lower levels are relatively satisfied.
The intermediate levels relate to the need for positive regard (desire for acceptance)
explain the major tenets of existential psychology
Suggests that with freedom comes the responsibility to choose for yourself what meaning your life has.
Basic choice: to invest your life with meaning or retreat into nothingness.
When reminded of mortality people try harder to connect to cultural values.
Problems arise from incongruity
