Week 8 Brain Area Flashcards
What is Grey matter?
Area with capillary blood vessels and cell bodies
what is white matter?
Axons covered by glial cells
What is Reticular matter?
Bodies and axons mixed
What are the 5 levels of the Meninges?
- Dura Mater
- Arachnoid membrane
- Subarachnoid Membrane
- Arachnoid Trabeculae
- Pia Mater
describe Dura Mater
Tough, fibrous protective coating
Describe Arachnoid Membrane
composed of blood vessels and other Vasculture
Describe Subarachnoid space
Cerebral spinal fluid
Describe Pia Mater
Delicate tissue in direct contact with the surface of the brain
The brain contains 4 hollow interconnected chambers called what?
Ventricles
What are the ventricles filled with?
Cerebrospinal fluid
Where is cerebrospinal fluid made?
Choroid plexus
what happens if the brain’s supply of ‘fuel’ is interrupted for 6 seconds?
unconsciousness and lasting damage
what are the three main sections of the brain?
- forebrain
- midbrain
- hindbrain
what are some of the functions of the cerebral cortex?
- attention
- awareness
- reasoning
- planning
- emotion
- language
- perception
- consciousness
what is the other names for a cleft?
Fissure or Sulcus
what is the other name for a ridge
Gyrus
What are the four lobes of a hemisphere?
- frontal
- parental
- temporal
- occipital
What connects the left and right hemispheres?
The corpus callousness
what is the corpus callousness made from?
millions of myelinated axons
what is the purpose of the corpus callousness?
it provides a pathway for communication between the hemispheres
frontal cortex acts as a ___ as it receives input from the thalamus, lambic system, hypothalamus and other lobes.
‘control centre’
What are the key functions of a frontal cortex?
- planned motor control
- speech production
- higher order functioning:
- thinking
- personality
- emotional process
- memory
what is Wernicke’s Aphasia?
the inability to understand words or arrange sounds into coherent speech
what are the main functions of the parietal lobes?
- spatial sense
- navigation
- sensory receptive area (touch and pain)
name some of the functions of the occipital lobes
processing of- •visual information • analysing shapes • colours • feature integration and movement
What is the Thalamus?
a relay station between the sensory information which it received from the other brain regions and the passing of this information to the cortex where it is processed at a finer level
what is the purpose of the Hypothalamus?
it regulates the autonomic nervous system and is connected to the pituitary gland
what is the limbic system?
a group of structures located in the the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain, involved with emotion and memory
what is the function of the cingulate gyrus?
control of emotional behaviour
what is the purpose of the amygdala?
emotional processing and motivation
where is the midbrain?
above the brain stem and below the thalamus and hypothalamus
what is another name for ‘midbrain’?
Mesencephalon
which system is the superior collects part of?
the visual system
which system is the inferior colliculus part of?
the auditory system
which parts of the brain make up the brain stem?
Pons and Medulla
what parts of the brain does the hind brain consist of?
cerebellum and brain stem
what does Ipsilateral mean?
the same side of the body
what does contralateral mean?
different sides of the body
what does Afferent mean?
axons carrying messages towards the brain
what does efferent mean?
axons carrying away from the brain
what is the use of projection maps?
tracing axons from the sensory neutrons into the brain and by tracing axons from the cortex to the motor neurons
what is the purpose of cytoarchitectonic maps?
denote the distribution of different types of cells in cortex
what is the purpose of functional maps?
matching area to function through study of damaged brains and scanning
