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EAE2322 2021 > Week 8 > Flashcards

Week 8 Flashcards

1
Q

How does Vegetation interact with soils?

A

– Soil organic matter derived primarily from plants: leaves and fine roots
– Binding/stabilisation of soil
– Nutrient cycling
– Development of soils and vegetation intrinsically linked

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2
Q

What is the Rhizosphere?

A

Zone within 2mm of the roots

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3
Q

What does the Rhizosphere contain?

A

Contains root exudates, such as organic acids, amino acids and sugars; dead root cells, secondary metabolites (anti-microbial compounds, nematicides and
flavonoids)

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4
Q

What does the Rhizosphere promote?

A

uptake of nutrients

biological activity

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5
Q

What is the reason why soil organic carbon

(SOC) is highest at the surface?

A

Rhizosphere-Soil Interactions

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6
Q

What does soil respiration effect?

A

soil pH

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7
Q

What does an increase in pCO2 lead to?

A

decrease in pH

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8
Q

What are the different plant-soil interactions?

A 
• Influence of individual trees on soil
properties – paddock trees
• Input of litter and concentrate nutrients
• “islands of fertility”
• Cleared, treeless pasture landscapes
reduce litter input and sources of soil
nutrients
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9
Q

What are the parts of the Non-living organic matter?

A

Humus
Inert organic matter
Particulate organic matter

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10
Q

What is the Active or labile pool of soil organic matter?

A

litter
Macro-organic matter
light fraction

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11
Q

What is the slow pool of soil organic matter?

A

Non-humic biomolecules

humic substances

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12
Q

What are Soil organic carbon pools characterised by?

A

their turnover time

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13
Q

How do Single trees influence soil?

A

via the creation of “islands of fertility” through increased organic matter input

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14
Q

What is Soil organic matter decomposition related to?

A

the lignin/cellulose and N content

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15
Q

What is the binding agent of Individual clay plates and particles?

A

Electrostatic forces
Organic polymers
Organic glues

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16
Q

What is the binding agent of Microaggregates?

A 
Inorganic glues
Root exudates
Fungal hyphae
Microbial and fungal
debris
17
Q

What is the binding agent of Macroaggregates?

A

Roots and fungal hyphae

18
Q

What are the features of Australian forest and woodland soils?

A 
– Lower in nutrients compared to the
northern hemisphere
– Lower in N
– Hydrophobic
– Site characteristics determine soil properties

EAE2322 2021 (12 decks)

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