Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio pulmonary > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Pleural Pain

A

pleura rub when breathing
- Thoracic Excursion: guarded, shallow breathing may be observed d/t pain with inspiration (thoracic excursion isn’t specifically decreased)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pleural Effusion

A

fluid trapped in pleural space; no air exchange in the fluid filled pleural space

  • *Auscultation: decreased or absent breath sounds over affected area
  • Tactile fremitus: decreased
  • Percussion: dull
  • Thoracic Excursion: decreased on affected side if one sided
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Typical Pneumonia (Lobar)

A

alveoli are filled with thick fluid
- *Auscultation: crackles over area of consolidation (fluid+RBCs+WBCs)
*Tactile fremitus: increased
*Percussion: dull
Thoracic Excursion: maybe decreased IF large enough consolidation on one side
*Other: egophony (E sounds like A), bronchophony (“1,2,3” louder, more clear), whispered pectoriloquy (whispering is louder, more clear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

egophony

A

E sounds like A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bronchophony

A

1,2,3” louder, more clear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

whispered pectoriloquy

A

whispering is louder, more clear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pulmonary Embolism

A

airways are open and clear, blood clot in lung vessel(s)

- Vital signs: tachycardia, tachypnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pneumothorax

A

air is trapped in the pleural space

  • *Auscultation: decreased or absent breath sounds over affected area
  • Tactile fremitus: decreased
  • Percussion: hyperresonance over affected area
  • Thoracic Excursion: decreased on affected side
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Asthma

A

*Auscultation: wheezing – especially end expiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SEVERE Asthma

A

lungs hyperinflated (air is trapped) w/ airways severely obstructed

  • *Auscultation: silent chest (air flow is so restricted you don’t even hear wheezing)
  • Tactile fremitus: decreased
  • Percussion: hyperresonant diffusely
  • Thoracic Excursion: possibly decreased bilaterally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

large airways have a lot of mucous causing partial obstruction of airflow
- Auscultation: Scattered rhonchi; crackles, wheezes possible – may clear with coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Emphysema

A

alveoli are destroyed, permanent air trapping

  • *Auscultation: decreased breath sounds throughout lung fields; maybe coarse breath sounds
  • Tactile fremitus: decreased
  • Percussion: hyperresonant (diffusely)
  • Thoracic Excursion: possibly decreased bilaterally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A diagnosis of pleurisy (the condition) is best made when:

A

life-threatening causes of pleuritic chest pain are ruled out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chest radiography (chest x-ray) is recommended for all patients with pleuritic chest pain. What evidence is this recommendation based on?

A

consensus, disease-oriented evidence, usual practice, expert opinion, or case series

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following triggers is NOT a typical aggravating factor for pleuritic chest pain?

a. inspiration
b. emotional upset
c. coughing
d. talking
e. sneezing

A

*B. emotional upset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Wells rule (aka Wells criteria) is a validated clinical decision making tool useful in diagnosing which of the following conditions?

a. Pulmonary embolism
b. COPD
c. Pneumothorax

A

a. pulmonary embolism

17
Q

Chest radiography may be helpful in diagnosing all of the following causes of pleurisy EXCEPT:

a. pneumonia
b. pneumothorax
c. pericarditis
d. pulmonary embolism
e. myocardial infarction

A

*E. myocardial infarction

18
Q

Pleuritic chest pain that has an acute onset (symptoms develop over minutes to hours) is suggestive of which of the following causes?

a. Emphysema
b. Pneumothorax
c. pleuritis

A

pneumothorax

- MI, pulmonary embolism, and trauma also have an acute onset

19
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis in a patient who presents with acute onset of pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea with elevated heart rate and respiratory rate but no abnormal heart or lung sounds?

A

pulmonary emobolism

20
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis in a patient with pleuritic chest pain that began a couple weeks ago and is accompanied by fatigue, weight loss, low-grade fever, and chronic cough?

A

tuberculosis

21
Q

Treatment for pleurisy involves managing pain and targeting the underlying cause. What is the first line recommendation for treating pleuritic chest pain?

A

NSAIDs

22
Q

If a patient presents with pleuritic chest pain and also complains of fever and joint pain, you should consider all of the following causes EXCEPT:

a. viral pleurisy
b. lupus Incorrect
c. rheumatoid arthritis
d. Familial Mediterranean fever

A

*A. viral pleurisy

Cardio pulmonary (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions