Week 7 Flashcards
what are the 4 supergroups of protists
Alveolata, Rhizaria, Excavata and Opisokonta
why are protists grouped with Eukaryotes
because they generally act like them
no photosynthesis
oral/aboral
by the mouth/away from the mouth
anterior/posterior
front/back
cephalic/caudal
head end/tail end
dorsal/ventral
back surface/front surface
proximal/distal
close/away
superior/inferior
above/bellow
lateral/medial
to the side/center
levels of organization (small to large)
Atom-Molecule-Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ system-Organism
what are the four basic tissue types
epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
epithelial tissue
covers body surface and lines body cavities/organs
connective tissue
supports, binds, transports and immunity
what are the different patterns of organization
symmetry, Tissue layers, body cavities
types of symmetry
Asymmetry: no axis of orientation
radial: oral-aboral axis of symmetry
Bilateral symmetry: down the median plane (typically active organisms)
types of radial symmetry
Biradial: can only go down one plane due to paired organs
pentaradial symmetry: body parts in five
Tissue layers
unicellular: single celled or cellular aggregates, little cellular specialization
Diploblastic Organization: cells organized into rudimentary tissues, two embryonic cell layers (ectoderm - turns into epidermis and endoderm - turns into gastrodermis)
Triploblastic Organization: three embrionic cell layers (ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm - turns ito bulk of body tissues)
Body cavities
coelom: Body cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm
three triploblastic patterns: Acoelomate, pseudocoelomate and coelomate
Acoelomate
no body cavity
pseudocoelomate
cavity is partially lined with mesoderm
coelomate
true coelom
Protostomes
“first mouth”
spiral cleavage, blastopore develops into mouth, schizocoelous coelom and trochophore larva
Deuterostomes
radial cleavage, blastospore develops into anus, enterocoelous coelom and no trochophore larva
who are the protists
eukaryotic
mostly unicellular
live in moist aquatic environments
can be heterotrophs or autotrophs
why are protists not form a monophyletic group
dont all descend from a single common ancestor
more closely related to plants, animals or fungi than they are to each other
identify four supergroups of animal like protists
Alveolata, Rhizaria, Excavata and Amoebozoa
describe the life history of plasmodium
parasite that causes malaria
(look at review sheet on ipad)
