Week 6 - Distributional model

Question 1

A special type of an LPP in physical distribution of goods and services coming from several supply locations that are to be delivered to demand centers.

Answer 1

Distribution Model

Question 2

Two main types of distribution problems:

Answer 2

• Transportation problem
• Assignment problem

Question 3

Involves shipments from several sources to several destinations.

Answer 3

Transportation problem

Question 4

Objectives of distribution model:

Answer 4

1. Determine the most efficient routes from the supply centers to the
   demand centers that would meet the required quantity of goods and services of all destination centers relative to the availability of limited
   supply.

2.** Finding the cheapest shipping schedule **that will satisfy the demand
without the violation of the supply constraints.

Question 5

In (date),( person), presented the simplest form of transportation model in his study

Answer 5

In 1941, Frank Lauren Hitchcock, presented the simplest form of transportation model in his study

Question 6

Frank Lauren Hitchcock, presented the ?

Answer 6

“The Distribution of a Product from Several Sources to Numerous Localities.”

Question 7

it was further developed by (person) in his work - – - - - - – in —–

Answer 7

**Tjalling Charles Koopmans **
“Optimum Utilization of the Transportation System” in 1947.

Question 8

**Who **developed the stepping-stone method?

Answer 8

Abraham Charnes and William Wager Cooper in 1953

Question 9

Abraham Charnes and William Wager Cooper, developed the

Answer 9

stepping-stone method.

Question 10

The** modified distribution method** was developed in?

Answer 10

1955

Question 11

Characteristics and Assumption of Transportation Problem

certain sources have limited available quantity or one commodity.

Answer 11

Supply or Sources

Question 12

Characteristics and Assumption of Transportation Problem

comes from several destinations, such as warehouses, distribution centers, shops, etc.

Answer 12

Demand

Question 13

Characteristics and Assumption of Transportation Problem

**available at each source **and the demands or
each destination are constant.

Answer 13

Quantities

Question 14

Characteristics and Assumption of Transportation Problem

it is based on per unit cost of the commodity from the source to each destination. It is usually based on the distance between the two points.

Answer 14

Shipping cost

Question 15

. Demand and supply quantities are presented in?

Answer 15

whole numbers

Question 16

decision must be made if shipping from P1, P2, P3, or a combination should be made to D1

Answer 16

Demand constraints

Question 17

Transportation problems are presented in ?

Answer 17

Tabular form

Question 18

Source of supply

Answer 18

Column

Question 19

demand or destination point

Answer 19

row

Question 20

value contains the objective function coefficient of the decision variable

Answer 20

Boxed - in

Question 21

3 methods to obtain the initial solution :

Answer 21

1. Northwest Corner Method (NWC)
   2. Greedy Method or Minimum Cost Method (MCM)
   3. Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM)

Question 22

Obtaining the Initial Solution

is the most simple and logical method. The procedure** begins by allocating units to the upper lefthand** corner and ends in the lower right corner of the transportation table.

Answer 22

NWC

Question 23

Obtaining the Initial Solution

• is a systematized procedure that is easy to use and yields an initial solution that is close to the optimal solution in small problems.
  Obtaining the Initial Solution

Answer 23

MCM

Question 24

In this method, the allocation is made to the cell with** the most possible lowest cost or the highest profit **in a maximization case.

Answer 24

MCM

Question 25

Obtaining the Initial Solution

is an algorithm that obtains the initial feasible solution by **determining the “penalty cost” **of not using the lowest cost route.
This method results in an optimal or near optimal as an initial solution.

Answer 25

VAM