week 6 (cytoskeleton)

Question 1

what are cytoskeletons made up of?

Answer 1

microtubules (tubulin)
microfilaments (actin)
intermediate filaments

Question 2

define ‘chromosome’

Answer 2

the linear DNA molecule in eukaryotes encoding the genetic material that must be copied and distributed equally to both daughter cells via mitosis

Question 3

define ‘chromatid’

Answer 3

one of the copies of the chromosomes after DNA replication that remain joined at the centromere until anaphase

Question 4

define ‘centromere’

Answer 4

highly repetitive region of DNA that kinetochore - a complex of proteins that bind the spindle microtubules to the centromere

Question 5

define ‘centriole’

Answer 5

short cylindrical microtubule structures near the nucleus that pair to form a centrosome

Question 6

define ‘centrosome’

Answer 6

the microtubule organising centre that is duplicated and moves to form the poles of the mitotic spindle apparatus

Question 7

what is the cleavage of the animal cell?

Answer 7

it is the process involved in mitosis where the cell membrane begins to split to form another cell.
made form a ring of filaments (microfilaments) around the cell, contracting and pinching the cell into two.