Week 6 antineoplastic agents - basics Flashcards
What are the five classes of “new” antineoplastic drugs?
Protein kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors, and proteosome inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do imantinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, gefitinib, and erlotinib belong to?
Kinase inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do trastuzumab and bevacizumab belong to?
Monoclonal antibodies
What class of antineoplastic agents do ipilimumab and nivolumab belong to?
Checkpoint inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do thalidomide and lenalidomide belong to?
Angiogenesis inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do bortezamib and carilzomib belong to?
Proteosome inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide, bisulfan, carmustine, and cisplatin belong to?
Alkylating agents
What class of antineoplastic agents do actinomycin D, adriamycin/doxorubicin, and bleomycin belong to?
Antineoplastic antibiotics
What class of antineoplastic agents do etoposide and irinotecan belong to?
Topoisomerase inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine belong to?
Purine analogs (antimetabolites)
What class of antineoplastic agents does 5-fluorouracil belong to?
Pyrimidine analogs (antimetabolites)
What class of antineoplastic agents do vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, and docetaxel belong to?
Mitotic spindle inhibitors
What class of antineoplastic agents do tamoxifen, flutamide and leuprolide belong to?
Estrogen and androgen agonists/antagonists
What class of antineoplastic agents do anaxtrazole, letrozole, and vorozole belong to?
Aromatase inhibitors
What is the general mechanism of antineoplastic kinase inhibitors?
Inhibits TK receptors to prevent the induction of cell signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation
What is the general mechanism of antineoplastic monoclonal antibodies?
Targets specific molecules involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and immunosuppressive activity for degradation
What is the general mechanism of antineoplastic angiogenesis inhibitors?
Inhibit the growth of new blood vessels in tumors
What is the general mechanism of antineoplastic proteosome inhibitors?
Increases the targeting of proteins for degradation, including those that are being overexpressed in tumor cells and causing uncontrolled cell replication
What is the general mechanism of purine and pyrimidime synthesis inhibitors?
Inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids to prevent DNA replication.
What is the general mechanism of DNA polymerase inhibitors?
Prevents DNA replication
What is the general mechanism of inhibitors of DNA function by direct interactions?
Cause cross-linking, DNA breaks, or DNA modification that renders it incapable of being replicated
What is the general mechanism of aromatase inhibitors?
Prevent the synthesis of estrogen
What is the general mechanism of steroid related antineoplastic drugs?
Prevent the synthesis of estrogen or prevent it from binding to the estrogen receptor
What is the general mechanism of mitotic spindle inhibitors?
Bind to tubulin to produce metaphase arrest
