Week 6

Question 1

What is a Diploid (2n) cell?

Answer 1

A nucleus containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent

Question 2

What is a Haploid (n) cell?

Answer 2

A nucleus containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes.

Question 3

What is the definition of Alternation of generations?

Answer 3

A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid (2n) form, as Sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid (n) form as Gametophyte.

Question 4

What is a brief description of Meiosis?

Answer 4

The division of a diploid (2n) nucleus into 4 haploid (n) nuclei

Question 5

What is a brief description of Mitosis?

Answer 5

The division of a single nucleus into 2 genetically identical daughter nuclei. These can be either diploid (2n) or haploid (n)

Question 6

What is the definition of a gamete?

Answer 6

A sex cell in a haploid (n) egg or sperm

Question 7

What is the brief summary of Fertilisation?

Answer 7

The union of 2 gametes of the opposite sex to produce a diploid (2n) Zygote.

Question 8

What are the 6 key characteristics of plants?

Answer 8

Photosynthetic
Cellulosic cell wall
Multicellular 
Specialised tissues & organs 
Alternation of generation
Great diversity

Question 9

What are the main problems with moving from water bound plants, to land bound plants

Answer 9

Obtaining water and structural support (Strong stem/leaves)
Availability of water restricts where plants can grow
Some plants remain in intermediate water habitats to get around these problems

Question 10

What is primary growth?

Answer 10

Apical meristem (undifferentiated cells) that produce new cells via mitosis in longitudal growth.

Question 11

What is the use of a Phloem?

Answer 11

The transport of nutrients from photosynthesis.

Question 12

What are the main characteristics of angiosperms (Flowering plants)

Answer 12

Double fertilisation, Enclosed seed (Ovules enclosed within ovary), Phloem tissue

Question 13

What are the characteristics of a Monocotyledon

Answer 13

Monocot=1 leaf on germination
Parallel veins on grass like leaves 
Vascular bundles scattered around the stem
Fibrous root system
Floral arranged in multiples on 3
Have primary growth

Question 14

What are the main characteristics of Eudicotyledon

Answer 14

Dicot= 2 leaves on germination
Branched veins on leaves (Maple leaf)
Vascular bundles arranged in a ring around in the stem 
Has a taproot 
Floral arranged in multiples of 4-5 
Primary and secondary growth.

Question 15

What is secondary growth?

Answer 15

Lateral growth that increases the girth of the plant.

Lateral meristem(Undifferentiated cells

Question 16

What is vascular cambium?

Answer 16

Producing secondary xylem and phloem vessels

Second xylem into wood, and second phloem into inner bark

Question 17

What is the Cork cambium

Answer 17

Pat of secondary growth that produces bark

Question 18

How does water move from the roots of a plant, to its leaves?

Answer 18

Enters roots via osmosis towards the endodermis into the xylem, travels up the xylem via adhesion + cohesion, while transpiration draws more water to the leaves