Week 6 Flashcards
Fennel sci name and fam
Foeniculum vulgare, Apiaceae
Foeniculum vulgare parts used
fruit (seeds), root
Foeniculum vulgare constituents
Essential oil (anethone*, fenchone, terpenes, pinene, dipentene) Fixed oil Sterols Flavonoids (Rutin, quercetin) Coumarins Silica Sugars
Foeniculum vulgare actions
Carminative Aromatic Antispasmodic Diuretic Galactogogue Expectorant Anti-inflammatory Estrogenic
What is a great treatment for infant colic?
Foeniculum vulgare - either alone in oil, or with Matricaria and Melissa
Foeniculum vulgare Indications
Menopause
Eye irritation
Colic, gas, bloating, coughs
Baby won’t nurse or mom can’t produce
Pimpinella animus common name and fam
Anise, apiaceae
Of the 3 top carminatives in the apiece family, Caraway, Anise, Fennel, which is Strongest or Mildest carminative, and strongest or mildest expectorant?
Carminative - Caraway strongest, anise mildest
Expectorant - Anise strongest, Caraway mildest
Fennel is moderate for both
Chamomile sci name
Matricaria chamomilla
Matricaria chamomilla parts used
flowers
Matricaria chamomilla actions
Sedative Spasmolytic Anodyne Anti-inflamm Anti-septic/microbial Anti-emetic Carminative Vulnerary
Matricaria chamomilla indications
Anxiety/nervous tension
GI irritation: IBS, UC
Matricaria chamomilla constituents
- Volatile oil (alpha bisabolol oxides, sesquiterpenes)
* Flavonoids (spasmolytic, anti-inflamm) such as methoxylated flavones and flavonols, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin
Lobelia inflata common and fam
Puke weed, Campanulaceae
Lobelia inflata parts used, which is stronger?
flowering herb, seed (Stronger)
This herb is both a stimulant and relaxant, dual nature
Lobelia inflata
Is Lobelia toxic?
No evidence exists aside from serious vomiting
Sxs of Lobelia overdose.
Hypotension
Tachypnea
Hypothermia
fixed pupils
Emesis is likely before any toxic effects occur
Lobelia inflata constituents
Piperidine alkaloids - **L-lobeline, lobelanine, lobelanidine, norlobelanine, isolobinine
Triterpenoid saponin - beta amyrin
Chelidonic acid, carboxylic acid, resins, gums, fats
This herb clears all obstructions to the extremities without regard to the names of dz until it produces an equilibrium in the system (making it an archetypal diffusive, normalizing force on vis)
Will normalize respiration, mucus, muscle contractions in low doses
Lobelia inflata
Lobelia inflata most important use
Respiratory affections - congestive conditions, relaxes bronchioles
Lobelia inflata dosing
Emetic dose 1 tsp dry herb to 1 glass of water (boiling inactivates)
Seeds most active - green plant tincture and vinegar used more for asthma
Dried herb - 600 mg/day max dose
Tinct 1:8 60% dried 1.6 mL TID
1:10 2 mL TID
NO MORE THAN 10% LOBELIA IN ANY FORMULA
What do irritant laxatives contain, imparting them with their behavior?
Antrhaquinone glycosides
Rhamnus purshiana name, family
Cascara sagrada, Cascara. Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus purshiana dosage
bark .3-1 g in a single daily dose
Infusion 1-2 g in 150 mL water for 10-15 min
Cold macerate 1-2g in 150mL cold water for several hours, then boil and strain
Elixir 1-2mL flavored and sweetened alcohol extract
Fluid extract 1:1, 1-2mL
Tinct 1:5 2-4 mL
Dry extract 4.0-5.5:1
Rhamnus purshiana constituents
*Anthraquinone glycosides (emodin) Chyrsaloin, Chyrsarobin, Barbaloin Cascarosides Frangulin Resins Volatile Oil Bitter principles
Rhamnus purshiana actions
Irritant lax
Stimulates peristalsis
Rhamnus purshiana indications
Constipation
atonic intestines
chronic hemorrhoids due to bowel atony
can enter milk of mother to treat infant
may use in elderly/debilitated
Rhamnus purshiana contraindications
lack of constipation
obstruction
acute GI inflammation
Rhamnus purshiana chronic use side effect
Chronic use can cause pigmentation called melanosis coli
What is in the famous 42s?
Wormwood & Aloe (4:2 parts)
42s clinical use
constipation atonic dyspepsia worms anorexia ashtma acute appendicitis, cholecystitis
42s contra
IBS, bleeding bowels
Plantago ovata name and fam
Psyllium, Plantaginaceae
Plantago ovata medicinal parts
seeds, seed husks
Plantago ovata dosage
4-20 g/day whole husks unless otherwise prescribed
Husk- 4-5g 1-4 x/day (presoak in warm water a few hrs)
Powdered husk- 4-5 g 1-4x/day, stir in 150mL h20 drink immediately
Must drink 150mL water to 5g preparation! 1/2 hr before or 1 hr after taking meds
Plantago ovata constituents
Mucilaginous polysaccharide (highly branched arabinoxyland with xylan backbone and branches of arabinose, xylose…)
fixed oil, linoleum, palmitic acids
Aliphatic hydrocarbons
starch
Plantago ovata actions
increase passage time in cases of diarrhea
decrease passage time in constipation
lowers cholesterol
reduces blood glucose
Plantago ovata indications
chronic constipation anal fissures hemorrhoids anal surgery pregnancy ibs hyperlipidemia
Plantago ovata contra
stenosis of GI tract, obstruction, poorly controlled DM
Linum usitatissimum name fam medicinal parts
Flaxseed, Linaceae, seed
Linum usitatissimum constituents
Fixed oil Triglycerides of linolenic, linoleic, stearic, oleic, palmitic, myristic acids proteins mucliage sterols and triterpenes cyanogenic gylcosides secoisolariciresinol glycoside
Linum usitatissimum indications
chronic constipation
colon damaged from laxatives
diverticulitis
gastritis, enteritis
Linum usitatissimum contra
ileus
