Week 6 Flashcards
What system should be used for measurements in biological research?
The Metric or S.I. (Systems International) system
This system standardizes measurements for precision in scientific research.
What is the standard temperature used in biological research?
25 degrees Celsius
This temperature is commonly used as a baseline in experiments.
What is the standard pressure used in biological research?
1 Atmospheric pressure
This represents the pressure at sea level.
What are the two forms of growth media mentioned?
- Solid (agar)
- Liquid (broth)
Both forms provide nutrients for organisms.
What is a stock solution?
A concentrate of what is needed in a lab, often diluted to desired concentrations
Stock solutions can save time and resources.
What macronutrients are needed in a growth medium?
- Carbon (C)
- Hydrogen (H)
- Nitrogen (N)
- Oxygen (O)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Sulfur (S)
These elements are essential for the formation of macromolecules in cells.
What are micronutrients, and why are they important?
Needed in very small quantities for specific functions, such as enzyme activity
Examples include Zinc, Manganese, and Nickel.
What is the purpose of serial dilutions?
To systematically dilute a stock solution to achieve a desired concentration
This method helps in counting organisms accurately.
What is the dilution factor in a 10-fold dilution?
10
This indicates the original stock has been diluted ten times.
In a 10-fold dilution, what is the relationship between stock and water?
1 part stock + 9 parts water
This ratio maintains the dilution factor.
What does CFU stand for in viable counting?
Colony Forming Units
CFUs represent the number of viable spores that can form colonies.
What temperature is used to incubate plates during viable counting?
30 degrees Celsius
This temperature is optimal for fungal growth.
What is the purpose of determining stock concentration?
To ensure accurate counts of CFU/mL for successful experiments
Accurate concentration is crucial for various biological analyses.
Fill in the blank: Stock solutions are typically _______ of bacteria or fungal spores.
[concentrates]
Concentrates allow for easier handling and usage in experiments.
True or False: Stock solutions are always chemical solutions.
False
Stock solutions can also be concentrates of biological entities.
What happens when you count well-separated colonies?
You can obtain an accurate concentration of the stock in CFU/mL
Counting colonies allows for quantifying viable organisms.
What is an example of a secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus parasiticus?
Compound ‘B’
This compound is a precursor to aflatoxins.
