Week 5 - Social Anxiety Disorder Flashcards
What is SAD?
- A specific type of anxiety disorder characterized by an intense fear of social situations and of being humiliated, judged, and/or rejected
- Different from being shy or introverted
- Causes clinically significant distress and dysfunction in daily living
SAD Epidemiology:
- Lifetime prevalence in canada is 8-13%
- 12 month prevalence is 2.6% in men and 3.4% in women-
- Avg. onset is 13y
- Duration - life long
Common co-morbidities?
- COPD
- Substance-use disorder
- Depressive disorder
- Cardiovascular disorder
Diagnosis?
1) Assess risk factors
- Environmental
- Parenting
- Socioeconomic status
- Sex
2) Screening tools
- Leibowitz SAS
3) DSM-V
- Marked fear of one or more situation where exposed to scrutiny by others
- Fear will act/show anxiety that leads to being negatively evaluated
- Social situation provoke anxiety
- Social situations avoided/endured with intense fear of anxiety
- Fear/anxiety is out of proportion to actual threat
- Fear/anxiety/avoidance 6+ months
- Fear/anx/avoidance leads to sig. distress/functional impairment
- Fear/anx/avoidance is not due to a medical condition/drug
- Fear/anx/avoidance is not due to another mental disorder
- Fear/anx/avoidance is unrelated to or excessing considering existing medical condtion
SAD symptoms?
1) Cognitive
- Fear of being judged
- Fear of embarrassing themselves
- Overestimate negative consequences of social situations
2) Physiological
- Blushing
- Nausea
- Racing heart
- SOB
- Trembling
- Dizziness
- Sweating
- Muscle tension
3) Behavioural
- Quiet
- Avoid centre of attention
- Avoid eye contact
- Leaves events early
- Drink to settle anxiety
- Analyze previous situations to identify flaws in interactions
Treatment? (4)
1) Psychotherapy
2) Pharmacotherapy
3) Alternative - CBD, herbs, exercise/nutrition
4) Consideration
- combined therapeutics
- co-morbidities
- youth (psychotherapy > pharmacotherapy)
- future treatments
Nursing considerations:
1) Screening
- Anxiety is most common
- Onset adolescence
- Risk = children/adults, women > men, pregnant/post-partum, comorbid, health challenges, older adults
2) Assessment
- Biological
- Psychological
- Sociological
3) Interventions
- Biological
- Psychological
Looking forward?
- Reduce stigma
- Increase health professional training
- Online consultations
- Virtual reality therapy