Week 5 Questions Flashcards
Why is hearing important?
Because it affects how we hear others.
Define “congenital deafness”.
Being born deaf.
Define “sound waves”.
Waves of molecular pressure.
What are the two key components of sound waves?
- Frequency.
2. Intensity (loudness)
What is frequency measured in?
Hz, hertz scale
What is intensity measured in?
Decibles. Has a range of 0 to 180.
How many hertz are in a KHz?
1000
What is another name for the ear?
The pinna.
Another name for the ear canal.
Auditory canal.
What are the four parts of the ear?
- External ear
- Middle ear
- Inner ear.
- CN 8
What does the external ear contain?
- The ear/pinna
2. The auditory canal
What does the middle ear contain?
- 3 ossicles
- The cochlea (the spiral part)
- Ear drum/Tympanic membrane
What is the point of the ear (external through middle ear).
To transform sound waves to a fluid wave.
What is the inner ear filled with versus the external and middle ear?
The inner ear is filled with fluid, while the external and middle ears are filled with air.
What does central nerve eight do?
Takes information from the ear to the brain.
What does the central nerve contain?
The vesterial and cochlear part. It is bilateral.
What does the ear canal naturally focus on?
Human speech. It increases human speech, while everything else is decreased.
What is the biggest ossicle in the ear called?
The stapes.
What are ossicles?
They are really light and small bones. They are known as “baby bones”.
How do ears modify sound to not lose as much?
- Ossicles are so light, they are relatively easy to move.
2. The tympanic membrane collects sound energy and packs it into the stapes to the oval window and onto the cochlea.
What are the two ossicle muscles?
The tensor tympani (used and engaged for/through chewing) and the stapedius (engages to loud sounds).
What are the two types of hair cells?
- Inner hair cells
2. Outer hair cells
What do inner hair cells do?
They are proper sensory cells, so they get information from the ear to the brain.
What is the cochlear amplifier?
The outer hair cells.
Define “resinent frequency”.
Frequency that every structure has.
What do outer hair cells do?
- They respond to sound.
- They move in time with incoming sound.
- They increase the intensity of the sound stimulus.
- Accentuate difference between sounds of close frequencies.
Where are the hair cells?
They are in the cochlear duct.
Define “otoacoustic emissions”.
They are sounds that come out from the ear.
What is “presbycusis”?
Age-related hearing loss. It is caused by the loss of outer hair cells.
What are the two types of hearing problems?
- There is a problem getting sound into the cochlea (a conductive problem). This can happen in the external or middle ear.
- There is a sensorineural problem. This can happen in the inner ear.
Where does the most difficult auditory processing happen?
In the primary auditory cortex.
How do we understand what other people are saying and what they mean?
- Through their body language.
2. Through what they are saying.
Define “prosody”.
It the non-linguistic content of speech.
What is needed for understanding the semantic content of language?
Wernicke’s Area. It is in the left side.
Where does understanding prosody happen?
In two areas on the right side.
What happens if the Broca’s Area and Wernicke’s Area get damaged?
The person will probably get aphasia.
