Week 5 Questions

Question 1

Why is hearing important?

Answer 1

Because it affects how we hear others.

Question 2

Define “congenital deafness”.

Answer 2

Being born deaf.

Question 3

Define “sound waves”.

Answer 3

Waves of molecular pressure.

Question 4

What are the two key components of sound waves?

Answer 4

1. Frequency.

2. Intensity (loudness)

Question 5

What is frequency measured in?

Answer 5

Hz, hertz scale

Question 6

What is intensity measured in?

Answer 6

Decibles. Has a range of 0 to 180.

Question 7

How many hertz are in a KHz?

Answer 7

1000

Question 8

What is another name for the ear?

Answer 8

The pinna.

Question 9

Another name for the ear canal.

Answer 9

Auditory canal.

Question 10

What are the four parts of the ear?

Answer 10

1. External ear
2. Middle ear
3. Inner ear.
4. CN 8

Question 11

What does the external ear contain?

Answer 11

1. The ear/pinna

2. The auditory canal

Question 12

What does the middle ear contain?

Answer 12

1. 3 ossicles
2. The cochlea (the spiral part)
3. Ear drum/Tympanic membrane

Question 13

What is the point of the ear (external through middle ear).

Answer 13

To transform sound waves to a fluid wave.

Question 14

What is the inner ear filled with versus the external and middle ear?

Answer 14

The inner ear is filled with fluid, while the external and middle ears are filled with air.

Question 15

What does central nerve eight do?

Answer 15

Takes information from the ear to the brain.

Question 16

What does the central nerve contain?

Answer 16

The vesterial and cochlear part. It is bilateral.

Question 17

What does the ear canal naturally focus on?

Answer 17

Human speech. It increases human speech, while everything else is decreased.

Question 18

What is the biggest ossicle in the ear called?

Answer 18

The stapes.

Question 19

What are ossicles?

Answer 19

They are really light and small bones. They are known as “baby bones”.

Question 20

How do ears modify sound to not lose as much?

Answer 20

1. Ossicles are so light, they are relatively easy to move.

2. The tympanic membrane collects sound energy and packs it into the stapes to the oval window and onto the cochlea.

Question 21

What are the two ossicle muscles?

Answer 21

The tensor tympani (used and engaged for/through chewing) and the stapedius (engages to loud sounds).

Question 22

What are the two types of hair cells?

Answer 22

1. Inner hair cells

2. Outer hair cells

Question 23

What do inner hair cells do?

Answer 23

They are proper sensory cells, so they get information from the ear to the brain.

Question 24

What is the cochlear amplifier?

Answer 24

The outer hair cells.

Question 25

Define “resinent frequency”.

Answer 25

Frequency that every structure has.

Question 26

What do outer hair cells do?

Answer 26

1. They respond to sound.
2. They move in time with incoming sound.
3. They increase the intensity of the sound stimulus.
4. Accentuate difference between sounds of close frequencies.

Question 27

Where are the hair cells?

Answer 27

They are in the cochlear duct.

Question 28

Define “otoacoustic emissions”.

Answer 28

They are sounds that come out from the ear.

Question 29

What is “presbycusis”?

Answer 29

Age-related hearing loss. It is caused by the loss of outer hair cells.

Question 30

What are the two types of hearing problems?

Answer 30

1. There is a problem getting sound into the cochlea (a conductive problem). This can happen in the external or middle ear.
2. There is a sensorineural problem. This can happen in the inner ear.

Question 31

Where does the most difficult auditory processing happen?

Answer 31

In the primary auditory cortex.

Question 32

How do we understand what other people are saying and what they mean?

Answer 32

1. Through their body language.

2. Through what they are saying.

Question 33

Define “prosody”.

Answer 33

It the non-linguistic content of speech.

Question 34

What is needed for understanding the semantic content of language?

Answer 34

Wernicke’s Area. It is in the left side.

Question 35

Where does understanding prosody happen?

Answer 35

In two areas on the right side.

Question 36

What happens if the Broca’s Area and Wernicke’s Area get damaged?

Answer 36

The person will probably get aphasia.