Week 5: Infection

Question 1

What is infection

Answer 1

Infection is a state of tissue destruction resulting from invasion of microorganisms in to the body

Question 2

Interrelated concepts of infection

Answer 2

Tissue integrity, nutrition, fluid and electrolyte balance, perfusion, inflammation, immunity

Question 3

Epidemiology

Answer 3

The study of disease distributions in human populations

Question 4

Incidence

Answer 4

Number of new cases of infection within a population

Question 5

Prevalence

Answer 5

Number of active ongoing cases of infection at any given time

Question 6

6 causes of global ID deaths

Answer 6

Diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory diseases, malaria, measles, HIV, TB

Question 7

Reverse valccinilogy

Answer 7

Promising technique to design vaccines for viral and bacterial pathogens for which no vaccine exists now

Question 8

Pathogen

Answer 8

A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease

Question 9

Bacteria

Answer 9

Single called organisms that secrete toxins that damage human cells

Question 10

Virus

Answer 10

Intracellular parasite that requires a living host for reproduction

Question 11

Parasites

Answer 11

Organisms that live in or on another organism and benefit from the host

Question 12

Prions

Answer 12

Protein like molecules that cause reformation of preteims within the CNS

Question 13

Chain of infection

Answer 13

Reservoir -> vector -> host

Question 14

Incubation period

Answer 14

Begin active replication, no symptoms

Question 15

Prodromal stage

Answer 15

Symptoms present, highly contagious

Question 16

Acute stage

Answer 16

Rapid proliferation of pathogen, still contagious

Question 17

Convalescent stage

Answer 17

Body trying to contain infection, symptoms start to resolve

Question 18

Resolution

Answer 18

Elimination of pathogen

Question 19

Culture

Answer 19

Determine the extent of the infection and yield info about susceptibility to antibiotics

Question 20

Stain

Answer 20

Classify bacteria

Question 21

Biopsy

Answer 21

Examine for pathogenic organisms and cell changes from pathogen

Question 22

Serological testing

Answer 22

Blood for presence of antibodies

Question 23

Direct antigen identification

Answer 23

Combines culture and microscopic to help identify and quantify

Question 24

Polymerase chain reaction

Answer 24

Detects genetic material

Question 25

C.diff

Answer 25

Opportunistic, spore forming bacteria, contact enteric precautions sc