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restorative > Week 5 Carving, Polishing, etc > Flashcards

Week 5 Carving, Polishing, etc Flashcards

1
Q

Polishing

A

involves the abrasion of a surface by an abrasive agent that is harder than the surface being abraded, or polished. The process of abrading the surface to reduce size of scratches and irregularities.

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2
Q

Cutting

A

removing material by a shearing off process

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3
Q

Abrasion

A

wearing away of a surface.

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4
Q

Finishing

A

producing the final shape and contour of a
restoration.

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5
Q

Abrasive

A

material used to wearing way a surface.

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6
Q

Tribology

A

science of interacting surfaces in motion. Principles of friction, lubrication, and wear.

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7
Q

Types of abrasives

A

▪Chalk
▪Pumice
▪Sand
▪Cuttle
▪Garnet
▪Emery
▪Silex
▪Tin oxide ▪Aluminum oxide

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8
Q

Bonded and Coated Abrasives

A

▪Diamond burs
▪Stones
▪Rubber wheels or points ▪Rubber cups
▪Disks or strips ▪Powders

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9
Q

Factors Affecting the Rate of Abrasion

A

▪Hardness ▪Size ▪Shape ▪Pressure ▪Speed ▪Lubrication
▪Care needs to be taken with softer materials and abrasive agents.

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10
Q

Why polish

A

▪To reduce adhesion
▪To make the surface feel smooth ▪To increase esthetics
▪To reduce corrosion

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11
Q

Abrasives used in dentifrices(toothpaste)

A

▪Phosphates ▪Carbonates
▪ Sodium bicarbonate ▪ Calcium carbonate
▪Silicas

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12
Q

Micromechanical bonding

A

bonding using surface irregularities smaller than can be seen with the naked eye or felt with a explorer. Interlocking of surfaces. ACID ETCHING is this!

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13
Q

Macromechanical bonding

A

the locking of two surfaces together using surface “roughness” and can be seen and/or felt.

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14
Q

Chemical adhesion in dentistry

A

▪Polycarboxylate cements
▪Glass ionomer cements

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15
Q

Adhesive failure

A

material breaks free from tooth, literally the adhesive material failed

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16
Q

Cohesive failure

A

breakage with in the material. Material broke, not the bond.

17
Q

T or F Acid etching is used to bond material to the enamel not dentin.

A

true

18
Q

Etch acid typically used

A

Orthophosphoric acids at 37% is the most common used.

19
Q

How long to etch

A

15-30 seconds

20
Q

Three-step dentinal bonding systems

A
  1. Etch dentin and enamel
  2. Apply primer
  3. Apply adhesive
  4. Composite placement
  5. Dentinal bonding adhesive mechanisms
  6. Clinical research
21
Q

Hybrid layer composed of

A

resin and decalcified dentin

22
Q

Dental Cements uses

A

luting agents (crowns), pulp protection 2mm thick as a base, temp restoration, endo sealers or perio packs, cavity sealers

23
Q

Formulation of dental cements liquid/powder system

A

Liquid is an acid, powder is the base.

24
Q

Powders used in cements

A

zinc oxide, powdered glass (silicon oxide)

25
Q

Liquids Used in Dental Cements

A

▪Eugenol ▪Phosphoric acid ▪Polyacrylic acid

26
Q

Eugenol

A

Organic liquid – oil of cloves (distinct smell) Inhibits free-radical polymerization

27
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

▪Aqueous solution of approximately 2/3 phosphoric acid and 1/3 water

28
Q

Polyacrylic acid

A

▪Dispensing – does not form independent drops. Drops can run together.
▪Bonding – stable in a wet environment
▪Water-hardening cements – liquid is predominately water ▪Viscous liquids.

29
Q

How long does it take to mix temporary cement?

A

about 30 seconds, should be uniform in color, string between slab and spatula for correct consistency

30
Q

Zinc Phosphate cement precautions and tips

A

-do not cool the slab beyond the dew out, condensation will adversely affect the mix and setting time.
-mix slowly in increments to dissipate heat
-close the bottles to prevent absorption of moisture
-Mix using a large area of slab to dissipate the heat.
-clean the slab and spatula immediately

31
Q

Calcium hydroxide liner/base precautions and tips

A

humidity will accelerate the setting reaction. Mix until a homogeneous color, wipe mixing instrument clean with a gauze before applying material to cavity preparation.

32
Q

Glass Ionomer Cement precautions and tips

A

-should be used when the mix is glossy
-when dispensing take the necessary time to make precise uniform drops
-mixing time is short usually 45 seconds or less.

33
Q

ZOE precautions and tips

A

-If it’s sticky and difficult to place, there is not enough powder incorporated.
-Use firm pressure with the flat face of spatula when incorporating powder.
-Enough powder has been incorporated for a base consistency when the mix “flakes” from the spatula pressing on the cement.

34
Q

Temporary Cement precautions

A

humidity will accelerate the setting of ZOE based materials, mix until homogenous color is obtained.

35
Q

If a tooth becomes contaminated after etching, you must re-etch for ____ seconds

A

5 seconds

36
Q

Dentinal bonding systems function by way of

A

micro mechanical bonding and secondary atomic bonds

restorative (8 decks)

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