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Micro > Week 5- Aerobic GPR, Aerobic GN diplococci, Genital Infections > Flashcards

Week 5- Aerobic GPR, Aerobic GN diplococci, Genital Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common GPR?

A

Bacillus sp, Corynebacterium sp, Listeria sp.

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2
Q

Describe Bacillus sp?

A

large, gram-positive rods that can produce spores. spores are resistant, spores formed when organism is stressed.

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3
Q

Which is the only aerobic gpr that can form spores?

A

bacillus sp.

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4
Q

where is bacillus sp. located?

A

everywhere in environment because of spores. even soil. they usually DO NOT cause disease, and are often seen as contaminants in wound cultures.

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5
Q

What are the two primary pathogens for Bacillus sp.?

A

Bacillus cereus and bacillus anthracis

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6
Q

What is the clinical signficance of bacillus cereus

A

food poisoning, ocular infections, drug abusers and immunosuppresed. Diagnose with a culture

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7
Q

What are the three forms of anthrax?

A

cutaneous, GI, inhalation (most common, and biological weapon)

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8
Q

How will someone with anthrax present?

A

ulcers devleop, painful lymphadenopathy, and massive edema.

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9
Q

How do you diagnose anthrax?

A

culture, grown within 18-24 hours

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10
Q

What should you do if you suspect anthrax?

A

need to alert lab immediately!!

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11
Q

what are the different ways you could treat anthrax?

A

ciprofloxacin. if GI/inhaled: cipro with clinda and rifampin. Once culture, if “s” to PCN, then PCN.

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12
Q

Cornyebacterium sp. is normal flora…

A

in the skin and mucous membranes

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13
Q

What is coryne’s sp. gram stain?

A

club-shaped organisms, arranged like chinese letters. “palisading”.

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14
Q

Where is diptheria found?

A

respiratory (exudative) and cutaneous (which will look gray and wont heal)

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15
Q

How do you diagnose diptheria? How do you confirm it?

A

gram stain from a throat culture. culture must be specifically ordered. It is confirmed by proving organism produces exotoxin

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16
Q

How can you prevent yourself from diptheria?

A

theres is a vaccine. (5 doses)

17
Q

What is the treatment for diphtheria?

A

antitoxin, neutral exotoxin, PCN or erythromycin. susceptibility not performed.

18
Q

C. jeikeium is an opportunisitc pathogen in…

A

immunocomprimised. Can also produce septicemia related to intravascular catheters

19
Q

How do you tx C. jeikeium?

A

vancomycin or vanco and aminoglycoside

20
Q

Listeria monocytogenes: clinical signficance?

A

can cause stillbirth in pregnant women, seen in neonates, elderly, alcoholics, and immunosuppresed.

21
Q

Where does L.monocytogenes usually come from?

A

contaminated food source

22
Q

What is the treatment for Listeria?

A

gentamicin with PCN/ampcillin

23
Q

What are the most common GN diplococci?

A

Neisseria sp. and Moraxella catarrhalis

24
Q

Normal flora for Neisseria sp?

A

skin and mucous membranes

25
Q

What are the most common pathogens for Neisseria sp?

A

N. gonnorhoea and N. meningitidis

26
Q

N. Gonorrhea: is always considered…?

A

a pathogen! humans are the only reservoir!

27
Q

What is N. gonorrheas clinical signifcance?

A

spread by sexual contact, purulent discharge, #1 cause of joint infections, septecemia, ophthalmia neonatorum.

28
Q

N gonorreha: Who is the gram stain diagnostic for

A

MALES ONLY!!!

29
Q

What is the primary method lab diagnosis of N. gonorrhea.

A

nucleic acid testing.

30
Q

What do you need to consider for a culture of N. gonorrhea?

A

Use for rectal and throat. it doesnt live long, so you must transport quickly! inoculate containers specifically designed for GC cultures

31
Q

What is the treatment for N. gonorrhea?

A

ceftriaxone + azithro or doxy

32
Q

N. meningitis: clinical signficance?

A

meningitis and meningoccemia, also seen in respiratory disease

33
Q

Do you need to do a susceptibility?

A

No! organism is treatable by PCN. Vaccine is available.

34
Q

What is Moraxella cat. clinical signifcance?

A

pulmonary and sinus infections, otitis media

35
Q

Moraxella cat: diagnositc testing

A

culture, SUSCEPTIBILITES NOT PERFORMED. Organism is resisntant to PCN

36
Q

Moraxella cat: drug of choice:

A

PCN w/beta-lacatamase inhibitor, cephalosporin.

37
Q

Genital cultures: direct speciman tests

A

Thayer-Martin (specimen should be inoculated at bedside. The test results will be a culture), wet prep, Tzanck smear (herpes simplex), NAT.

38
Q

genital cultures: screen or comp?

A

screen

39
Q

genital cultures: common pathogens

A

N. gonorrhea, chlamyida, trich, herpes, gardenerlla vaginalis, trepenoma pallidum.

Micro (3 decks)

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