Week 5-9 Flashcards
1
Q
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that absorbs or requires heat from its surroundings.
A
False (release or give off heat)
2
Q
Hydrolysis is
A
salt+water yielding an acid+a base
3
Q
An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases or gives off heat.
A
False (absorbs or requires heat from its surroundings)
4
Q
Na3(PO4) is a/an …..
A
Salt
5
Q
In a _____ reaction you start out with a compound and break it up into the elements it is made of.
A
Decomposition
6
Q
Zn(OH)2 is a/an …..
A
Acid
7
Q
What is an insoluble product of a chemical reaction?
A
down arrow
8
Q
What substance alters the rate of a chemical reaction?
A
Catalyst
9
Q
What does the ↔ symbol indicate?
A
Reaction is reversible
10
Q
What type of reaction takes the form A+B→AB.
A
Decomposition
11
Q
When a salt plus water are the reactants what type of reaction is it?
A
Hydrolysis
12
Q
What is the most common symbol seen between the two sides of an equation?
A
arrow pointing right
13
Q
What type of reaction is Ba + 2HCl→ BaCl2 + H2 ?
A
Simple replacement
14
Q
4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 is an example of what type of reaction?
A
Synthesis
15
Q
Hydrochloric acid + Potassium hydroxide ? _______ + _______.
A
-
16
Q
What are three factors that effect chemical reactions?
A
- catalyst
- pressure
- concentration
17
Q
In the equation A+B→AB AB represents a reactant.
A
False (Product)
18
Q
The symbols on the left side of the arrow are called the ______.
A
Reactant or Agents
19
Q
In the equation Na+Cl2→2NaCl Cl2 represents a reactant.
A
True
20
Q
The symbols on the right side of the arrow are called the ______.
A
Product(s)
21
Q
Equations represent the reactants and products in a chemical change.
A
True
22
Q
In chemical equation the symbol ↓ means _____.
A
Precipitate
23
Q
In an exothermic reaction heat is released.
A
True
24
Q
When balancing equations you use molecular coefficients unless it is a diatomic molecule.
A
True
25
In the balanced equation __H2(g) + ____O2(g) → ____H2O(g). The coefficient in front of H2O(g) is _____.
2
26
In an endothermic reaction heat is released.
False
27
In a _____bond electrons are shared.
Covalent
28
A bond between a metal and a non-metal is a(n) ______bond.
Ionic
29
Ionic bonding occurs with inorganic compounds.
True
30
Covalent bonding occurs with inorganic compounds.
False (organic compounds)
31
In an ionic bond electrons are transfered from reactant to product.
True
32
All of the following are factors that effect chemical reactions EXCEPT.
The state of matter to which the compound belongs (solid, liquid, gas).
33
An increase in pressure will accelerate the reaction.
True
34
A catalyst effects a reaction by speeding it up or slowing it down.
True
35
Enzymes are NOT an example of a catalyst.
| - False
False (they are an example of Catalyst)
36
A catalyst is completely consumed during a chemical reaction.
False
37
Neutralization is an example of a metathesis reaction.
True
38
The equation 2H2(g) +O2(g)→2H2O (g). is an example of which type of reaction ?
Synthesis
39
AB+CD→AD+CB is an example of a ______ reaction.
Double replacement
40
Embalming fluid is an example of a solution.
True
41
The solute in a solution is present in the greatest quantity.
False (smaller quantity)
42
A solution is a homogenous mixture of one of more substances dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent.
True
43
A solution can only be made up of liquids.
False (elements or compounds, gases, solids
44
Which of the following is a mixture of metals.
Alloy
45
In an aqueous solution only water can be the solvent.
True
46
Which of the following types of solutions is the most commonly used in chemistry?
Liquid
47
A solid solution comprised of 2 or more metals is know as an alloy.
True
48
In a tincture _________ is used as the solvent.
Alcohol
49
Air is an example of a _______ solution
Gaseous
50
The addition of ________ results in a substance called formalin instead of formaldehyde.
Methyl alcohol
51
You have a solution of 45g of salt with enough water to make 80g of solution. Calculate the percent by mass.
56.25 %
52
Parts per million is used to express a very large concentration.
False (expressing Low concentration)
53
A solution that contains more of the solute than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal conditions.
Supersaturated
54
A 12 index solution is an example of a high index solution.
False (Low index solution)
55
Smaller molecules move faster than larger molecules.
True
56
_______ is the process by which molecules, ions, or colloidal particles in solution move from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration until uniform concentration is reached.
Diffusion
57
The smaller the difference in concentration, the faster diffusion will take place.
False (the Greater the difference in concentration, the faster diffusion will take place)
58
Diffusion occurs at a faster rate with lower temperatures.
False (occurs at a faster rate with Higher temperatures)
59
All of the following are factors that effect diffusion EXCEPT.
Pressure
60
Hemolysis is what plasmoptysis is called when the process involves a white blood cell.
False (hemolysis deals with RBC-RED BLOOD CELLS)
61
Osmosis is the passage of a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration.
False (passage of a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of LOW solute concentration to an area of HIGH solute concentration)
62
The shrinking of a cell when placed in hypertonic solution.
Crenation
63
A solution in which the dissolved solute has a lesser concentration than the solution to which it is compared.
Hypotonic
64
If solution A is more concentrated than solution B then A is _______ to B.
Hypertonic
65
A homogenous solution is one consisting of visibly dissimilar elements.
False (Heterogeneous)
66
In Dialysis solute moves through a semi-permeable membrane.
True
67
A Suspension is a mixture of a solute and a solvent in which the size of the solute particles is greater than 100 nanometers
True
68
Solubility is the measure of how much solute dissolves in solvent when substances mix.
True
69
A solution in which the particle size is 1 to 100 nanometers is a ______.
Colloid
70
Solutions can be made of which of the following ?
Gases, Liquids, Solids (All the above)
71
What process allows the passage of solute molecules through a semi-permeable membrane holding back larger molecules but allowing smaller molecules to pass
Dialysis
72
What type of solution requires the solvent to be water?
Aqueous
73
In a solution, what is the amount of solute dissolved in the solvent?
Concentration
74
Which of the following would be considered a medium index arterial fluid?
20 grams of formaldehyde in every 100 mL of solution
17 grams of formaldehyde in every 100 mL of solution
1 and 4
75
The solvent in a tincture is _______.
Alcohol
76
What is an aqueous solution of 37% formaldehyde by weight and 10% methanol?
Formalin
77
Which of the following is NOT a quantitative means of expressing concentration?
Dilute
78
% by weight & % by volume are 2 ways of qualitatively expressing concentrations of solutions.
False
79
A true solution is when there is a heterogeneous mixture of the components that make up the solution.
False
80
Which of the following influence diffusion? 1. temperature 2. agitation 3. saturation 4. concentration
1, 2 and 4
81
What term describes the process a red blood cell goes through when it is placed in a hypotonic solution?
Hemolysis
82
What is defined as the amount of a substance that will dissolve in a specified amount of solvent at a definite temperature?
Solubility
83
What solution contains a relatively small amount of solvent as compared to solute?
Concentrated
84
A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances.
True
85
A solution that contains a relatively large amount of solute as compared to solvent is said to be?
Concentrated
86
Which solution contains all the solute the solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure?
Saturated
87
What process allows H 2 O to move through a semi permeable membrane from a hypotonic to hypertonic solution?
Dialysis
88
What is the process of colloidal particles moving from an area of greater to lesser concentration?
Diffusion
89
Percent by mass is calculated by taking the mass of the solute divided by the total weight of solution multiplied by 100.
True
90
Match each type of energy to its definition
C. potential energy energy of position
B. Heat energy produced by friction
E. kinetic energy energy of motion
A. light energy result of solar energy
D. nuclear energy contained in the center of an atom
91
TRUE OR FALSE? IN AN OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION, THE SUBSTANCE THAT GETS OXIDIZED IS CALLED THE OXIDIZING AGENT.
False
92
THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH SOMETHING WILL IGNITE IS CALLED ITS
Kindling temperature
93
264
| _________________ ARE ELECTRON RECEIVERS.
Non-metals
94
THE ADDITION OF HYDROGEN TO A COMPOUND OR ELEMENT IS
Reduction
95
IN THE EQUATION, CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O, WHAT IS THE REDUCING AGENT?
H2
96
THE MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN THE UNIVERSE IS
Hydrogen
97
TRUE/FALSE? MOST HYDROGEN IS FOUND FREE IN THE ATMOSPHERE.
False
98
CHLORINE, FLUORINE, AND BROMINE ARE CLASSIFIED AS
Halogens
99
THE NITROGENOUS COMPOUND THAT IS A RESULT OF PROTEIN DECOMPOSITION IS
Ammonia
100
PRODUCED WHEN FORMALDEHYDE REACTS WITH SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
BCME
101
THE PROCESS BY WHICH A SUBSTANCE IS INTENTIONALLY CAUSED TO LOSE WATER IS
Desiccation
102
THE COMPOUNDS IN TEMPORARY HARD WATER IS
Ca(HCO3)2 AND Mg(HCO3)2
103
WHICH SHOULD BE ADDED TO REMOVE THE MINERALS FROM PERMANANT HARD WATER?
Sodium Carbonate
104
CAUSED BY THE CHLORIDE AND SULFATE SALTS OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM
Permanent hard water
105
WATER THAT CONTAINS CERTAIN MINERALS IN SOLUTION WHICH DESTROY SOAPS' CLEANSING ACTION IS
Hard water
106
NONELECTROLYTES CONTAIN COVALENT BONDS
True
107
NONELECTROLYTES CONDUCT AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT WHEN PLACED IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
False
108
IONS ARE ATOMS THAT DO NOT CARRY AN ELECTRICAL CHARGE
False
109
WATER DOES NOT CONDUCT ELECTRICITY
False
110
COMPOUNDS THAT IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONFORM FREELY MOVING IONS ARE KNOWN AS
Electrolytes
111
WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE IONS OF AN IONIC COMPOUND CALLED?
Anions
112
WHAT IS THE POSITIVE POLE IN AN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION CALLED?
Anode
113
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE ATTRACTED TO THE NEGATIVE POLE DURING DISSOCIATION.
Cation
114
THE SEPARATION OF AN IONIC COMPOUND IN A SOLUTION INTO FREELY MOVING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IONS IS
Dissociation
115
DURING DISSOCIATION, WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE POLES CALLED?
Cathodes
116
THE pH OF HUMAN BLOOD IS
Slightly Acidic
117
WHEN UTILIZING THE pH SYSTEM, A READING OF 4.2 WOULD BE CONSIDERED
ACIDIC
118
THE pH OF A SUBSTANCE WITH AN EQUAL CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN IONS AND HYDROXYL IONS IS
Neutral
119
THE CONCENTRATION OF WHICH ION IS EXPRESSED IN THE pH SYSTEM?
Hydrogen
120
WHICH SUBSTANCES ARE PRODUCED WHEN THE HYDROGEN IONS OF AN AICD UNITE WITH THE HYDROXYL IONS OF A BASE?
Salt and Water
121
WATER HAS A pH OF
7
122
Which type of compound is formed via a chemical union between water and the molecules of another substance?
Hydrate
123
The energy of position is
Potential energy
124
Different physical forms of the same element, such as the graphite, diamond, and charcoal forms of the element carbon, are known as
Allotropes
125
When an electric current is passed through an electrolyte solution,
Positive ions called cations go to the cathode, the negative pole and negative ions called anions go to the anode, the positive pole
126
The loss of electrons from a compound is defined as
Oxidation
127
True or False? Oxidation and reduction reactions are reverse reactions. Whenever oxidation occurs, there is always a corresponding reduction.
True
128
WHEN NaCl DISSOCIATES IN WATER, THE ____________ SODIUM IONS MIGRATE TO THE NEGATIVE CATHODE POLE.
Positive
129
One of the products released as putrefactive bacteria acts on nitrogenous organic matter is
NH3
130
HYDROGEN ADDED TO OXYGEN, PRODUCING WATER, IS A _________________ REACTION
Reduction
131
HCHO is the chemical formula for
Formaldehyde
132
Which of the following is the Earth's most abundant element?
Oxygen
133
What does the practitioner have to take into consideration when using untreated hard water to embalm an edematous body?
Clotting of the blood, which would thus interfere with drainage
134
How can Ca(HCO3)2 be removed from water?
Boiling
135
CHANGES IN MATTER ALWAYS OCCUR WITHOUT CHANGES IN ENERGY
False
136
The neutralization product of formaldehyde by ammonia is
Urotropin
137
Compounds that are held together by covalent bonds and do not conduct an electrical current when dissolved in water are known as
Non-electrolytes
138
THE TYPE OF ENERGY PRODUCED BY FRICTION IS
Heat
139
The union of the hydrogen ions of an acid with the hydroxyl ions of a base, forming water and a salt, is known as
Neutralization
140
Ionic compounds composed of positive and negative ions held together by ionic bonds are known as
Electrolytes
141
Organic compounds are soluble in water.
False
142
The COMBINING CAPACITY of CARBON is _____.
4
143
A covalent bond is one in which a pair of electrons is _________ between two atoms.
Shared
144
Organic Chemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies covalently bonded ________ based compounds.
Carbon
145
Inorganic compounds react quickly because they break apart into positive and negative ions.
True
146
When carbon atoms are in a chain (C-C-C-C) and the carbons are connected by single bonds, the compound formed will be a(n) ___________ compound.
Saturated
147
Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain ________________ bonds between carbon atoms.
Double and Triple
148
The hydrocarbon containing six carbons is _____________.
Hexane
149
Each carbon atom requires _______ bonds around it.
Four
150
The prefix meaning three is ___________.
Prop
151
Hydrogen has a combining capacity of _____.
1
152
Nitrogen has a combining capacity of _______.
3
153
Nitrogen’s valence is ___.
-3 (negative 3)
154
There must be _______ bond(s) around each atom of oxygen atom in a compound.
Two
155
__________consists of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
Carbon dioxide
156
The general formula for an ether is ___________.
R-COO-R
157
The carboxyl group is found in ____________.
Organic acids
158
Organic compounds are classified according to their ______________.
Functional group
159
A ___________ is a compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Hydrocarbon
160
What is the functional group of an aldehyde?
CHO
161
All alkanes end in the suffix __________.
ane
162
The saturated hydrocarbon with two carbons is ___________.
ethane
163
When an alkane (saturated hydrocarbon) loses one hydrogen it becomes a(n) __________.
Alkyl Radical
164
A radical is also known as a(n) ________________.
Alkyl group
165
A saturated hydrocarbon that has a hydrogen removed is a ___________.
Radical
166
The general formula for alcohols is ___________.
R-OH
167
A functional group contains an R, while a general formula does not.
False
168
Ketones contain a carbonyl group.
True
169
The general formula for an amine is ___________.
R-NH2
170
____________ have COOH as their functional group.
Organic acids
171
__________ is the functional group for an aromatic amine.
NH2
172
An ____________is the Benzene ring with an OH (Hydroxyl) group attached to it.
Aromatic alcohol
173
The Aromatic Radical is also known as all of the following except ___________.
C6H6
174
Benzene is also known as all of the following, except _____________.
Aromatic radical
175
Aromatic compounds contain carbons in a ring structure.
True
176
WHEN THE ALKANE KNOWN AS ETHANE LOSES A HYDROGEN ATOM, IT FORMS A(N) _________________.
Ethyl radical
177
THE ORGANIC EQUIVALENT OF AN OXIDE IS A(N) ________________
Ether
178
Esters have the general formula ____________ and contain the functional group ______.
R-COO-R, COO
179
What is an alkane that has one of its hydrogens replaced with a bromine atom?
-
180
A single element or group of elements attached to a carbon compound that gives that compound certain characteristics is known as a(n):
Functional group
181
Dec- is a prefix that indicates ______ carbons in a compound.
10
182
THE CHEMICAL SYMBOL FOR THE ELEMENT NITROGEN IS
N
183
THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF BONDS THAT CAN BE USED TO CONNECT TWO CARBON ATOMS TO ONE ANOTHER IS ______
3
184
SATURATED HYDROCARBONS ALWAYS CONTAIN SINGLE BONDS.
True
185
When carbon atoms are in a chain and the carbons are connected by single bonds, the compound formed is _____________.
Saturated
186
Propanol is an __________ that contains ________ carbons.
-
187
What is the general formula for an aromatic ketone?
Ar-CO-R
188
An alkyl group is also called a(n)
Radical
189
Which prefix is used to indicate that there are eight carbons in a compound?
Oct-
190
All of the following are halogens except:
Carbon
191
Aromatic aldehydes contain the general formula _______ and the functional group _______.
Ar-CHO, CHO
192
For the class hydrocarbons, the general formula is R-H.
True
193
THE pH OF AN ACID IS BELOW 7 ON THE pH SCALE
True
194
A radical forms whenever a ______________________ has one hydrogen removed.
Saturated hydrocarbon
195
WHEN A SUBSTANCE DISSOCIATES IN WATER, THE NEGATIVE ION IS KNOWN AS THE ___________.
Anion
