Week 5 Flashcards
What is the skeletal system made of and what is a general function
Bone (osseous tissue) and cartilage
Aids in support and function
Plays role in ion balance, blood cell formation and triglyceride storage
What forms the long axis of the body
Axial skeleton
What forms the appendages and attachments
Appendicular skeleton
Long bone shape
Longer than wide
Shape of short bone
Cube shaped
Flat bone shape
Thin plate that is often curved
Osteogenic cells
Mitotically active stem cells found in the periosteum and endosteum
Osteoblasts
Secrete bone matrix which includes collagen and calcium binding proteins
Osteocytes
Monitor and maintain bone matrix and serve as mechanoreceptors
Osteoclasts
Multinucleated cells that break down extracellular matrix
What do bones contain within them
Nervous tissue, cartilage, blood vessels, and connective tissue
Compact bone
Made of circumferential lamellae and is found superficially in the bone, appears smooth
Cancellous bone
Made of trabeculae which is lamellae not found in circumferential fashion
Found deep within the bone
What are osteons
Concentric rings of lamellar bone
Circumferential lamellae
Lamellar bone on superficial surface
Interstitial lamellae
Lamellar bone in between osteons
Haversian canal
The canal parallel to the osteon
Volkmann’s canal
Canal perpendicular to the osteon
Trabeculae
Lamellar bone arranged into scaffolding network
Canaliculi
Openings between trabeculae
Diploe
Inner cancerous bone that is surrounded by compact bone
Diaphysis
Tubular region that forms the long axis of bone and has a thick collar of compact bone superficially and cancellous bone deep
Surrounds the medullary cavity
Epiphysis
Bone ends with a thin outer shell of compact bone and large inner cancellous bone
Periosteum
connective tissue that covers the surface of the bone
Endosteum
Connective tissue that covers the inner surface of cancellous bone
Pneumatic bone
Bone with air space that fills with external atmospheric air
Where does the nutrient artery of a long bone enter and exit
Nutrient foramen
Red bone marrow
Found in cavities of cancellous bone that also serves as hematopoietic stem cells
Yellow marrow
Found in medullary cavities of long bone that also serves as triglyceride storage
