Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the skeletal system made of and what is a general function

A

Bone (osseous tissue) and cartilage
Aids in support and function
Plays role in ion balance, blood cell formation and triglyceride storage

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2
Q

What forms the long axis of the body

A

Axial skeleton

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3
Q

What forms the appendages and attachments

A

Appendicular skeleton

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4
Q

Long bone shape

A

Longer than wide

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5
Q

Shape of short bone

A

Cube shaped

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6
Q

Flat bone shape

A

Thin plate that is often curved

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7
Q

Osteogenic cells

A

Mitotically active stem cells found in the periosteum and endosteum

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8
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Secrete bone matrix which includes collagen and calcium binding proteins

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9
Q

Osteocytes

A

Monitor and maintain bone matrix and serve as mechanoreceptors

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10
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Multinucleated cells that break down extracellular matrix

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11
Q

What do bones contain within them

A

Nervous tissue, cartilage, blood vessels, and connective tissue

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12
Q

Compact bone

A

Made of circumferential lamellae and is found superficially in the bone, appears smooth

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13
Q

Cancellous bone

A

Made of trabeculae which is lamellae not found in circumferential fashion
Found deep within the bone

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14
Q

What are osteons

A

Concentric rings of lamellar bone

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15
Q

Circumferential lamellae

A

Lamellar bone on superficial surface

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16
Q

Interstitial lamellae

A

Lamellar bone in between osteons

17
Q

Haversian canal

A

The canal parallel to the osteon

18
Q

Volkmann’s canal

A

Canal perpendicular to the osteon

19
Q

Trabeculae

A

Lamellar bone arranged into scaffolding network

20
Q

Canaliculi

A

Openings between trabeculae

21
Q

Diploe

A

Inner cancerous bone that is surrounded by compact bone

22
Q

Diaphysis

A

Tubular region that forms the long axis of bone and has a thick collar of compact bone superficially and cancellous bone deep
Surrounds the medullary cavity

23
Q

Epiphysis

A

Bone ends with a thin outer shell of compact bone and large inner cancellous bone

24
Q

Periosteum

A

connective tissue that covers the surface of the bone

25
Endosteum
Connective tissue that covers the inner surface of cancellous bone
26
Pneumatic bone
Bone with air space that fills with external atmospheric air
27
Where does the nutrient artery of a long bone enter and exit
Nutrient foramen
28
Red bone marrow
Found in cavities of cancellous bone that also serves as hematopoietic stem cells
29
Yellow marrow
Found in medullary cavities of long bone that also serves as triglyceride storage