Week 4- Systematic And Random Measurement Errors

Question 1

systematic error

Answer 1

Errors that affect all measurements the same way. Caused by flaw in the system. Eg. Not calibrating the measuring instrument

On notes, the graph with the lines parallel to each other

Question 2

Random error

Answer 2

Errors that occur randomly.
Unpredictable.
No matter how careful we are, random error will occur.

Question 3

operational definition of variables

Answer 3

defines a variable according to its unique meaning in the study

independent variable: should be sufficiently detailed that another researcher can replicate the procedure

dependent variable- should be described by methods of measurement. describing tools and procedures used to obtain measurements.

Question 4

nominal data

Answer 4

categorical data (qualitative). has a number but no true value. eg. gender, male=0 female=1 non-binary=2.

Question 5

ordinal

Answer 5

categorical data. a category is ranked but there is no true numerical value. rankings are to show relationship eg. gold silver bronze.

Question 6

interval/ ratio

Answer 6

more precise. includes things that can be measured rather than classified. eg. number of customers.

Question 7

P-values

Answer 7

the probability that a result is due to chance.

P<0.05 reject null hypothesis, result is not likely due to chance and is statistically significant

p>0.05 accept null hypothesis, result is likely due to chance and is not statistically significant

Question 8

null hypothesis

Answer 8

a hypothesis that states there is no statistical significance between to variables