Week 4: Substance Use and Addictions

Question 1

What two drugs have always been used in America?

Answer 1

Alcohol and Tobacco

Question 2

How many rum distilleries existed in New England in the 1770s?

Answer 2

Over 140!

Question 3

What other drugs did Americans start consuming in the 19th Century?

Answer 3

Coffee, Opium, Cocaine, Marijuana

Question 4

What played an important role in decisions during the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century to ban opium, marijuana, and cocaine?

Answer 4

Racial Prejudice

Question 5

Any substance other than food that, when taken into the body, affects the structure and/or functioning of the body.

Answer 5

Drug

Question 6

What is the main problem is determining the distinction between legal and illegal drugs?

Answer 6

There is no logical basis; the more dangerous drugs aren’t always the illegal ones; and vice versa.

Question 7

How many Americans die each year from Alcohol and Tobacco use?

Answer 7

~520,000

Question 8

What determines the category that a drug belongs to?

Answer 8

The physiological effects of the drug

Question 9

What are the five most common classifications of drugs?

Answer 9

Depressants

Hallucinogens

Marijuana

Narcotics

Stimulants

Question 10

This type of drug slows down the activity of the central nervous system. Depending on the specific drug, they help induce drowsiness and relaxation, and they can reduce anxiety and pain

Answer 10

Depressants

Question 11

Analgesics and Sedatives are example of what type of drug?

Answer 11

Depressants

Question 12

Mind-altering drugs that cause delusions or hallucinations

Answer 12

Hallucinogens

Question 13

Ecstasy, LSD, mescaline, and PCP are examples of what type of drug?

Answer 13

Hallucinogens

Question 14

This drug effects include distortion of time and space, euphoria, hunger, increased sensory perception, and relaxation.

Answer 14

Marijuana

Question 15

What is the most popular illegal drug in the United States?

Answer 15

Marijuana

Question 16

This drug also slows down the nervous system, and is highly effective at relieving pain and are a common substance in prescription medicines for severe pain.

Answer 16

Narcotics

Question 17

Codeine, heroin, methadone, and morphine are examples of which type of drug?

Answer 17

Narcotics

Question 18

This type of drug has the opposite effect of depressants by speeding up the central nervous system. They increase alertness and energy and can produce euphoria or anxiety

Answer 18

Stimulants

Question 19

Caffeine, cocaine, methamphetamine and other amphetamines, nicotine (tobacco), and Ritalin are examples of which type fo drug?

Answer 19

Stimulants

Question 20

Five or more drinks on the same occasion—within two hours of each other—on at least one day in the past month– is an example of what type of drinking?

Answer 20

Binge drinking

Question 21

Binge drinking on at least five days in the past month is is known as what?

Answer 21

Heavy drinking/ a heavy drinker

Question 22

How many people in America abuse alcohol?

Answer 22

18 Million

Question 23

The use of this drug causes more preventable death and illness in the United States than any other cause of death;

Answer 23

Tobacco

Question 24

Argues that drug use may actually be functional for several members of society. For the people who use legal or illegal drugs, drug use is functional because it provides them the various positive physiological effects that drugs have

Answer 24

Functionalist

Question 25

Argues that much drug use in poor urban areas results from the poverty, racial inequality, and other conditions affecting people in these locations.

Racial and ethnic prejudice and inequality help determine why some drugs are illegal as well as the legal penalties for these drugs.

Answer 25

Conflict Theory

Question 26

This view claims that drug use arises from an individual’s engagement with people who engage in drug use. From this type of social interaction, an individual learns how to use a drug and also learns various attitudes that justify drug use and define the effects of a drug as effects that are enjoyable

Answer 26

Symbolic Interactionism

Question 27

___________ theories attribute drug use to various aspects of the social environment, including peer influences, weak social bonds, and the larger drug culture.

Answer 27

Sociological

Question 28

A popular set of _________ theories assumes that drug addiction results from certain personality traits and problems.

Answer 28

Psychological

Question 29

_______ theories assume that some people are especially vulnerable to drug addiction for genetic reasons

Answer 29

Biological

Question 30

This strategy attempts to minimize the harm caused by drugs. It recognizes that many people will use drugs despite efforts to prevent or persuade them from doing so and despite any punishment they might receive for using illegal drugs

Answer 30

Harm Reduction

Question 31

What are some ways that America has tried to reduce drug use?

Answer 31

1. Increasing Alcohol taxes
2. Fully reintegrating former drug dealers and recovering drug addicts into society
3. Prohibiting alcohol sales to anyone who has engaged in drunk driving or who has committed violence under the influence of alcohol
4. Providing legally prescribed heroin and/or substitute opiates, including methadone, for heroin addicts
5. Abandoning D.A.R.E.
6. Following the psychological principle of operant conditioning by providing drug addicts small cash payments for clean drug tests, as these rewards have been shown to be effective

Question 32

What is the main takeaway form the Rat Park comic?

Answer 32

For many people, drug use is a result of their surrounding environment.

Seeing the world as a “park” or seeing the world as a “cage”.

Question 33

Which drug isn’t medically recognized in Canada as a treatment for opioid addiction?

Answer 33

Hydromorphone