Week 4 Stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination

Question 1

Ingroup

Answer 1

Members of a social category (e.g., race, gender) that you are also a member of

Question 2

Outgroup

Answer 2

Members of a social category that you are not a member of

Question 3

Stereotypes

Answer 3

Cognitive bias regarding members of the outgroup

Question 4

Prejudice

Answer 4

Emotional bias regarding members of the outgroup

Question 5

Discrimination

Answer 5

Behavioural bias regarding members of the outgroup

Question 6

Racism

Answer 6

Prejudice and discrimination based on someone’s racial background (generally based on skin color)

Question 7

Sexism

Answer 7

Prejudice and discrimination based on someone’s gender

Question 8

Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA)

Answer 8

• Conservative beliefs
• Focus on tradition, ingroup loyalty, conformity, submission to authority, and aggression towards those who don’t conform
• Stems from a view of the world as a threatening place
• Group cohesion required for collective security
• Not necessarily limited to conservative (right wing) people, but correlated with conservative beliefs, preferences, and attitudes

Question 9

System justification:

Answer 9

• Motivated defence of the status quo.
• The tendency to believe that what is, is what should be.
• We want to feel good about the system in which we live and work, even when it is harmful.
• Related to status legitimising beliefs such as belief in a just world, protestant work ethic, karma, prosperity gospel.
• Offers one explanation for how inequality can cause stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.
  People tend to defend the current system. Especially if they are doing well in it.

Question 10

Social identity theory

Answer 10

• An individual’s self-definition shifts between personal identity and social identity, depending on the social situation.
• When people categorize themselves as a member of a particular ingroup, social identification occurs.

Question 11

Aversive racism

Answer 11

Aversive racism is unexamined racial bias that the person does not intend and would reject, but
that avoids inter-racial contact.

Question 12

Blatant biases

Answer 12

Blatant biases are conscious beliefs, feelings, and behavior that people are perfectly willing to
admit, are mostly hostile, and openly favor their own group.