Week 4 (parts 1 and 2) Flashcards

Question

Part 2 drips, drains attachments etc

Answer 1

 A vascular access device is an indwelling catheter, cannula or other instrument used to obtain venous or arterial access for treatment or monitoring needs. Both central and peripheral vascular access devices are available.  Peripheral IV access is the default choice unless circumstances warrant advanced access. The placement of a more invasive line should be based on these indications.  Patients may have more than one point of access with attachments in place at one time.  It is important to know what access/lines are in situ as it may affect your treatment plan and handling.

Answer 2

central line, PICC, midline, Femoral line, arterial line, peripheral intravenous line (IV)

Answer 3

 Known as under water seal drains (UWSD)  Inserted into pleural space to allow drainage of- Air-pneumothorax Blood-haemothorax Lymph fluid-chylothorax  Drain allows expansion of lung  Restores negative pressure within the thoracic cavity  Underwater seal prevents backflow of air or fluid into the pleural cavity

Answer 4

* Need to be kept upright and below level of patient! * Should be bubbling or swinging * Bubbling- * Air is being removed from pleural space * Normally occurs on expiration or when patient coughs * Bubbling will stop as the lung expands and air leak resolves * Continuous bubbling indicates worsening air leak * No bubbling or swinging-chest drain blocked * Swinging- * Fluid within the tube should oscillate or ‘swing’ with every breath

Answer 5

 Post surgery  Used to remove pus, blood or other fluids from a wound

Answer 6

 Carries food and medicine to the stomach through the nose  Used for all feeding or supplemental calories

Answer 7

 Drains the stomach’s contents  Remove gastrointestinal secretions  Removes any swallowed air

Answer 8

 Urinary catheters are hollow flexible tubes used to collect urine from the bladder  Urinary catheters come in many sizes and types  Catheters can be made form rubber, silicone or latex  The catheter tube leads to a collection bag that collects the urine  Indications  To allow urine to drain if you have an obstruction urethra  To allow patient to urinate if patient has bladder weakness or nerve damage  To drain bladder before, during or after surgery  As a treatment for urinary incontinence when other types of treatment haven’t worked

Answer 9

 Used to keep upper airways open when they may become obstructed with secretions or the tongue  Easy to insert  Low risk of complications  Sizes vary according to the age and size of the patient  Airway should be well lubricated with water-soluble gel prior to inserting

Answer 10

 Soft rubber or plastic tube  Passed through one of the nares and just inferior to the base of the tongue  Measure from tip of nose to tip of ear  Contraindicated in base of skull fractures  Size range 17-26cm in length and 6-9mm in diameter  Tolerated well so patients can be alert

Answer 11

 Size is measured from corner of mouth to the angle of the jaw  Size range 0-6  Hold the tongue away from the posterior pharynx  Can stimulate the gag reflex so are only used on patients with altered levels of consciousness e.g anaesthesia, overdose, head injury

Answer 12

A colostomy is a surgical procedure that brings one end of the large intestine out through the abdominal wall. During this procedure, one end of the colon is diverted through an incision in the abdominal wall to create a stoma. A stoma is the opening in the skin where a pouch for collecting faeces is attached

Answer 13

 Faecal management systems are temporary containment devices for faeces, and divert the faeces to a collection bag  The catheter has a retention balloon that is inserted into the rectum. At the opposite end, the catheter attaches to the collection bag.  They are indicated for bedridden or immobilized, incontinent patients with liquid or semi-liquid stool  This diversion of helps reduce risk of infections and skin break down, and protect any wounds that may be exposed

Answer 14

* Haemofiltration is a form of Renal Dialysis, mainly used in a critical care setting, which removes waste products from the blood by passing it out of the body through a set of tubing (filtration circuit) to a semi-permeable membrane (filter) and returning it, cleaned, to the body.