Week 4 - FBE Flashcards
What are some haematological tests?
- Full Blood Count
- Peripheral Blood Film
- Bone Marrow Aspiration
- Flow Cytometry
- Cytogetics & Molecular Testing
What does a Full Blood Count consist of?
- RBC count
- WBC count
- Platelet count
- Haemoglobin
- Haematocrit (ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood)
- Red Cell Indices -> Mean cell volume, Mean cell haemoglobin, Red cell distribution width, reticulocyte count (Reticulocytes are a useful clinical indicator of anemias and bone marrow response to anemia)
Summary of Normal Ranges for Males
MCV shows how big the cells are, MCH shows how much haemoglobilasation the red cells have
Summary of Normal Ranges for Males
MCV shows how big the cells are, MCH shows how much haemoglobinasation the red cells have
What are some features of a normal red blood cell?
- Biconcave disc
- Diameter is 7-8micrometers
- lifespan = 120 days
- contains haemoglobin
What is MCV (mean cell volume)? and what is it used for?
- Classification of anaemia is typically based on the MCV
- A reduced MCV is microcytosis
- An increased MCV is macrocytosis
- A normal MCV is normocytic
What is MCH (mean cell haemoglobin)? and what is it used for?
- Low MCH -> hypchromia
- High MCH -> hyperchromia -> more haemoglobin
- Normal MCH -> normochromia
What is Haematocrit (HCT) and what is it used for?
= percentage of whole blood which is made up of erythrocytes (red blood cells)
- High HCT -> higher O2 carrying capacity but higher viscosity
- more affected by changes in plasma volume
How to classify Anaemia
PBF = Peripheral Blood Film
RP = Renal Profile
White Blood Cells summarised
What is Monocytosis & what are its causes?
= higher than normal number of monocytes
Caused by:
- Chronic bacterial infections
- Connective tissue diseases
- Leukemia
What is Eosinophilia & what are its causes?
= high levels of eosinophils
Caused by:
- Allergy
- Parasitic diseases
- Skin diseases
What is Lymphocytosis & what are its causes?
= high levels of lymphocytes
Caused by:
- Infections
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
- Lymphoma
Abnormalities of Platelet count
Good peripheral blood film example
What is Peripheral Blood Film?
- Made from freshly collected whole blood samples in
EDTA tubes - Fixed immediately with methyl alcohol
- Staining: Romanowsky stain Mounting with coverslip
and Xylo
Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Peripheral Blood Film
Thalassaemia in Peripheral Blood Film
