Week 4 Exam Flashcards
broad overall plans used to develop and design a process or a way of completing work or doing a task
process designs
pathway the work follows from the beginning to the end
(pre-analytical ,analytical, and post analytical phases)
workflow
six sigma and PDSA (plan, do, study, act)
process management
is the hiring, training, scheduling, and retraining of the employee who will be doing the work or task
staffing
- identify what tests you are needing to work on
-understand what is needed to perform the test - apply all the needs to complete the test
these are all ways to……..
how to make a process design successful
what are the 8 global factors?
- size and setting of the lab
- design of the lab
- equipment
- test method
- regulations
- staffing
- when and how the work will be recieved
- test priority
which phase is defined as the hardest to control, acceptable vs unacceptable samples.
pre-analytical
which phase is defined as sample is acceptable and will be submitted for testing in the area of molecular it requires from the requisition
analytical
which phase is defined by “sample is completed test?” interpreting, recording, and reporting occur during this step
post-analytical
what staffing steps can be defined as “critical”?
hiring, training, retaining
which staffing step can be defined as “important”?
scheduling
this is a written document that lists the prospective employees education, qualifications, and work experience
application
this is the oral process used to confirm the information in the application and fill in any gaps.
interview process
this type of scheduling takes teamwork but the rewards for letting team members have some control over their schedule is well worth the effort
self scheduling
productivity and efficiency drops, less revenue, need to reduce salary dollars, work less hours
testing volume drops
productivity and efficiency increases, more revenue, adjust staffing (OT may be permitted)
testing volume increases
what is defined as something arranged in a definite pattern of organization?
structure
what are made of individuals who share a common purpose and perform tasks in service of that purpose
systems
who introduced the concept of bureaucracy or rational-legal system?
Max Weber
who introduced the discipline of scientific management as a means to organize work?
Frederick taylor
who introduced specialization and piecework
Frederick Taylor
who introduced a “well-oiled machine”?
Max Weber
this structure may be appropriate in an environment of slow change and relative stability
mechanistic structure
this structure is preferred in an environment of high change
organic structure
the system has external interactions evaluating the needs of the organization ex: “clinical laboratory”
open system
these systems are less considerate of external forces, internally focused, and use mechanistic top-down authority and reliance on policy and procedures is typical
closed systems
sample processing, reagent preparation, and nucleic acid separation occur in which area?
pre-amplification
performance and analysis of target amplification reactions occur in which area?
post amplification
this air pressure means the amount of air supply is greater than the exhaust, it keeps contaminants from entering the room
postive pressure
this air pressure causes air to be removed at a higher rate. this presents air from migrating from the lab into adjacent areas.
negative pressure
what air pressure should reagent prep have?
positive
what air pressure should sample prep room have?
positive
what air pressure should post amp room have?
negative
this is an evaluation and documentation of the tasks, conditions, requirements and authority arrangements of a working situation
job analysis
this is defined as a written document describing the tasks, expectations, reporting relationships, and other information relative to the employment of an individual
job/work description
what are the 6 factors considered in job analysis
- working conditions
- task analysis
- technology
- scope of labor
- legal issues
- interaction with co-workers
these include the physical environment in which the employee performs work
working conditions
actual tasks being performed
task analysis
instrumentation or equipment
technology
knowledge, skills, and abilities
scope of labor
required for legal obligations to be licensed or special training
legal issues
time spent with co-workers is evaluated
interactions with co-workers
this should be very specific for the duties of the position
job title and classification
job payment
exempt status
indicate a minimum specific level of range of education needed. indication of preferred or required years of experience
education/experience
this should spell out exactly how specific the skills required for the job
knowledge
list the duty responsibilities and the tasks that will be performed for a normal day. this area in the description helps when performing the evaluation for job appraisal
duties
describe and indicate with whom the employee will have interaction with daily or periodically
interactions
indicate possible exposures
safety
line of authority the employee will follow
reporting lines
the description should be reviewd and signed by the approval executives or management
approvals
help make the job position sound more enticing
incentives
interviews were you sit with a group of individuals and answer detail questions about yourself or the qualities you have
peer interviews
where the trainer can correct as a task is being performed instead of waiting to the end of training
direct observation
a facilitiy can legally fire an employee if they cannot perform the required tasks in this period
probationary period
is an ongoing two way process for communication about the employees job performance and helping them achieve excellence in their position and job satisfaction
performance development
employees need to continue to grow in their position so either giving them a goal to work toward or have them can come up with a self goal. this goal must be manageable to accomplish and be abled to be measured on proficiencty
goal setting
given as constructive criticism. it must be stated in a professional manner. feedback can be either demonstrated from employee back to supervisor after evaluation or supervisor to employee
feedback
this information for the employee is to help them to understand how to be more successful or correct errors that were found.
guidance
goals, feedback, and guidance all contribute to this
motivation
this should reflect the employees current job description and how the employee does within that description. it should be as honest and accurate as possible
evaluation
opportunity for employees and managers to plan for an individuals development with an eye toward the departments future needs
developmental planning
what are the factors that influence the design and structure of the organization?
-organizational goals and strategic direction
-technological capabilities
- size
- environment
- leadership style
which organization may report to more than one boss?
matrix organizations
which structure is self managed and responsible for outcomes?
process-based structure
technology is the #1 change in this century
21st
what must a large and small lab contain to be successful?
- be cost effective
- within the organization needs and budgets
- customer service
-produce quality results
internal QCs valid or not
machine operational
thermocycler running correctly
these errors can be found in which phase?
analytical
the test is complete, clerical errors can be a problem if entered manually, and turn around time are critical during what phase?
post analytical
how many people should you interview for a job?
at least 2 or more
what personnel help eliminate OT?
PRN and part time
what is your standard unit measure?
0.25
total work hours earned/ total hours worked in two weeks =…
how many FTE’s you need
what is an ideal productivity index?
greater than 100%
how to calculate productivity?
(earned)/(actual)x100
because each amplicon is a target to be replicated, contamination has the potential of leading to…….
a false positive
what can be used to keep areas free of contaminants where you dont have varying air pressure?
UV radiation
dedicated lab coats
gloves available in all areas
non absorbent floors
this forbids discrimination against anyone on the basis of age, race, color, religion
Title VII
