Week 4-5 Flashcards
Fondly referred to as ___, is a simple design language
intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable?
CSS(Cascading Style Sheets)
___ handles the
look and feel part of a web page.
CSS
Using ___, you can control the color of the text,
the style of fonts, the spacing between paragraphs, how columns are sized and laid
out, what background images or colors are used, as well as a variety of other effects.
CSS
Is easy to learn and understand but it provides a powerful control over the
presentation of an HTML document.
CSS
Is combined with the
markup languages HTML or XHTM
CSS
You can write CSS once and then reuse the same sheet in
multiple HTML pages. You can define a style for each HTML element and apply it to
as many web pages as you want.
CSS saves time
If you are using CSS, you do not need to write HTML tag
attributes every time. Just write one CSS rule of a tag and apply it to all the
occurrences of that tag. So, less code means faster download times.
Pages load faster
To make a global change, simply change the style, and
all the elements in all the web pages will be updated automatically.
Easy maintenance
CSS has a much wider array of attributes than
HTML, so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in comparison to HTML
attributes.
Superior styles to HTML
Style sheets allow content to be optimized
for more than one type of device. By using the same HTML document, different versions of a website can be presented for handheld devices such as PDAs and
cellphones or for printing.
Multiple Device Compatibility
Now HTML attributes are being deprecated and it is
being recommended to use CSS. So it’s a good idea to start using CSS in all the
HTML pages to make them compatible with future browsers.
Global web standards
CSS is created and maintained through a group of people within the W3C
called the CSS _______ Group?
Working Group
The CSS Working Group creates documents called _____________?
specifications
When a specification has been discussed and officially ratified by the
W3C members, it becomes a ______________.
recommendation
A CSS comprises of style rules that are interpreted by the browser and then applied
to the corresponding elements in your document.
Components of CSS Syntax
A ________ is an HTML tag at which a style will be applied. This
could be any tag like <h1> or <table> etc.
selector
A ________ is a type of attribute of HTML tag. Put simply, all the
HTML attributes are converted into CSS properties. They could be color, border, etc.
Property
_______ are assigned to properties. For example, color property can
have the value either red or #F1F1F1 etc.
Values
This is the same selector we have seen above. Again, one more example to give a
color to all level 1 headings?
Type Selectors
Rather than selecting elements of a specific type, the ___________ selector quite
simply matches the name of any element type?
Universal Selectors
Suppose you want to apply a style rule to a particular element only when it lies
inside a particular element. As given in the following example, the style rule will
apply to element only when it lies inside the tag.
Descendant Selectors
You can define style rules based on the class attribute of the elements. All the
elements having that class will be formatted according to the defined rule.
Class Selectors
You can define style rules based on the id attribute of the elements. All the elements
having that id will be formatted according to the defined rule.
ID Selector
You have seen the descendant selectors. There is one more type of selector, which
is very similar to descendants but have different functionality.
Child Selectors
You can also apply styles to HTML elements with particular attributes
The Attribute Selectors
Selects all paragraph elements with a lang attribute.
p[lang]
Selects all paragraph elements whose lang attribute has a value of exactly “fr”.
p[lang=”fr”]
Selects all paragraph elements whose lang attribute contains the word “fr”.
p[lang~=”fr”]
Selects all paragraph elements whose lang attribute contains values that are exactly “en”, or begin with “en-“.
p[lang|=”en”]
You may need to define multiple style rules for a single element.
Multiple Style Rules
You can apply a style to many selectors if you like. Just separate the selectors with a comma.
Group Selectors
You can use style attribute of any HTML
element to define style rules. These rules will be applied to that element only.
Inline CSS – The <style> Attribute</style>
You can put your CSS rules into an
HTML document using the tags. Rules defined using this syntax will be applied to
all the elements available in the document.
Embedded CSS – The <style> Element</style>
The element can be used to include an external stylesheet file in your HTML document. An external style sheet is a separate text file with .css extension. You define all the Style rules within this text file and then you can include this file in any HTML document using element.
External CSS – The <link></link> Element
is used to import an external stylesheet in a manner similar to the element?
Imported CSS - @import Rule
